Coxeter's enumeration of Coxeter groups

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This article is a survey of the seminal work of \textit{H.~S.~M.~Coxeter} [J. London Math. Soc., s1--10, 1, 21--25 (1935; Zbl 0010.34202)] on the classification of finite groups defined by the relations \(R_i^{2}=1\) and \((R_iR_j)^{k_{ij}}=1\), together with subsequent developments and generalizations. (The paper was published in 1935, despite being dated as 1934 by the authors.) The groups treated there are now universally known as Coxeter groups.\N\NThe survey restates Coxeter's theorem in the modern language of Coxeter matrices, Coxeter diagrams and the associated groups \(W(M)\) and then sketches Coxeter's geometric approach through discrete reflection groups and spherical simplices. It also discusses the viewpoint of \textit{E.~Witt} [Abh. Math. Semin. Univ. Hambg., 14, 289--322 (1941; Zbl 0025.30202)], based on the geometric representation and invariant bilinear forms, and places these ideas in a broader historical context, including connections with Weyl and the classification of semisimple complex Lie algebras, as well as the later evolution of diagrammatic conventions.\N\NLater sections survey further structural and geometric developments, including Tits' theory of the Tits cone and the Coxeter complex, combinatorial recognition results for Coxeter systems, Vinberg's theory of discrete linear reflection groups (with emphasis on the hyperbolic case) and CAT(0) realizations via the Davis complex. The final part addresses Dehn's classical decision problems for Coxeter groups, in particular the word problem and its solutions via braid moves and reduction procedures.



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