Curves in the double plane

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Abstract: We study locally Cohen-Macaulay curves in projective three-space which are contained in a double plane 2H, thus completing the classification of curves lying on surfaces of degree two. We describe the irreducible components of the Hilbert schemes of locally Cohen-Macaulay curves in 2H of given degree and arithmetic genus. We show that these Hilbert schemes are connected. We also discuss the Rao modules of these curves, and liaison and biliaison equivalence classes.


The Hilbert scheme of projective curves contained in some quadric surface \(Q\subset {\mathbb P}^3\) is easy to describe when \(Q\) is smooth or reduced. Much more complicate is the case where the quadric \(Q=2H\) is a double plane (and, of course, \(C\) is just a locally Cohen-Macaulay scheme of pure dimension \(1\)). On the other hand, a theory of families of curves in multiple planes is needed in the application of some degenerative methods to the study of general space curves. The authors give a description of the Hilbert scheme \(\mathcal H\) of curves \(C\) in a double plane \(2H\), using triples \((Z,Y,P)\) where \(P\) is the \(1\)-dimensional part of the intersection \(C\cap H\), \(Z\) is the set of embedded points in the intersection and \(Y\) is the residue scheme. Using properties of the triples, the authors are able to understand cohomological properties of the original curves as well as properties of the corresponding Hilbert scheme \(\mathcal H\). In particular they prove that \(\mathcal H\) is connected.




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