Differentiable functions defined in closed sets. A problem of Whitney
\noindent Consider a function \( f: X\rightarrow {\mathbb R} \), where \( X \) is a closed subset of \( {\mathbb R}^n \). In 1934, Whitney raised the question of how to recognize, using only the values of \( f \), whether \( f \) is the restriction of a function of class \( C^p \) in \( {\mathbb R}^n \). For \( n=1 \), he gave a necessary and sufficient condition using finite differences. In 1958, Glaeser solved the problem in higher dimensions in the case \( p=1 \): he defined a paratangent bundle \( \tau(X) \) using limits of secants and proved that a continuous function \( f: X\rightarrow {\mathbb R} \) is the restriction of a \( C^1 \) function if and only if the paratangent bundle \( \tau(f) \) of the graph of \( f \) is, itself, the graph of a function \( \tau(X)\rightarrow {\mathbb R} \). In the important paper under review, the authors define higher-order paratagent bundles \( \tau^p(X) \) using limits of finite differences. Each fibre \( \tau_a^p(X) \), \( a\in X \), is a linear subspace of the dual space \( {\mathcal P}_p^* \) of the space \( {\mathcal P}_p \) of polynomials of degree at most \( p\). With each function \( f: X\rightarrow {\mathbb R} \), they also associate a bundle \( \nabla^pf\subset \tau^p(X)\times {\mathbb R} \) such that if \( f \) is the restriction to \( X\) of a \( C^p \) function, then \( \nabla^p f \) defines a graph \( \tau^p(X)\rightarrow {\mathbb R} \). The authors show that the converse is true when \( X \) is a \( C^p \) submanifold, or more generally a fat subset of a \( C^p \) submanifold. It is thus natural to conjecture that it is always true, at least for subsets \( X \) with a ``tame geometry. The authors obtain an interesting result in this direction when \( X \) is a compact subanalytic subset of \( {\mathbb R}^n \): indeed, one can then find a number \( q_X(p) \) such that, if \( q\geq q_X(p) \) and \( \nabla^qf \) defines a graph \( \tau^p(X)\rightarrow {\mathbb R} \), then \( f \) extends to a \( C^p \) function. The proof uses the uniformization theorem for subanalytic sets and a previous result of the authors on formal composite functions [Duke Math. J. 83, 607-620 (1996; Zbl 0868.32011)]. It should be noted that the paratangent bundles presented in the paper also provide a new viewpoint on bundles of differential operators on singular spaces.
- Extension of \(C^{m, \omega}\)-smooth functions by linear operators
- Fitting a C^m-smooth function to data. II
- The C^m norm of a function with prescribed jets. II
- Restrictions of smooth functions to a closed subset.
- A coordinate-free proof of the finiteness principle for Whitney's extension problem
- \( \mathcal{C}^m\) solutions of semialgebraic or definable equations
- \(C^{1, \omega }\) extension formulas for $1$-jets on Hilbert spaces
- Efficient algorithms for approximate smooth selection
- A Whitney extension theorem for functions taking values in scales of Banach spaces
- \(C^m\) semialgebraic sections over the plane
- Smooth selection for infinite sets
- Reconstruction and interpolation of manifolds. I: The geometric Whitney problem
- Whitney's extension problem in o-minimal structures
- Smooth convex extensions of convex functions
- Sobolev \(L_p^2\)-functions on closed subsets of \(\mathbb R^2\)
- \(C^1\) extensions of functions and stabilization of Glaeser refinements
- Interpolation and extrapolation of smooth functions by linear operators
- A generalized sharp Whitney theorem for jets
- Sobolev inequalities in arbitrary domains
- Finiteness principles for smooth selection
- Approximate extension in Sobolev space
- On C^m solutions to systems of linear inequalities
- Sobolev extension by linear operators
- The Whitney extension problem and Lipschitz selections of set-valued mappings in jet-spaces
- Whitney’s extension problems and interpolation of data
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1529035 (Why is no real title available?)
- The Brenner-Hochster-Kollár and Whitney problems for vector-valued functions and jets
- Prescribing tangent hyperplanes to \(C^{1,1}\) and \(C^{1, \omega}\) convex hypersurfaces in Hilbert and superreflexive Banach spaces
- Sobolev \(W^1_p\)-spaces on \(d\)-thick closed subsets of \({\mathbb{R}}^n \)
- Interpolation of data by smooth nonnegative functions
- Whitney-type extension theorems for jets generated by Sobolev functions
- Whitney's extension theorem and the finiteness principle for curves in the Heisenberg group
- \(C^2\) interpolation with range restriction
- The \(C^m\) norm of a function with prescribed jets. I.
- A Whitney extension problem for manifolds
- Fitting a manifold of large reach to noisy data
- Universal stratifications and a Bertini-type theorem
- An example related to Whitney extension with almost minimal \(C^m\) norm
- Locally \(C^{1,1}\) convex extensions of \(1\)-jets
- Whitney's extension problem for \(C^m\)
- Higher-order tangents and Fefferman's paper on Whitney's extension problem
- \({\mathcal C}^m\)-norms on finite sets and \({\mathcal C}^m\) extension
- Smooth extensions of functions on separable Banach spaces
- The structure of linear extension operators for \(C^m\)
This page was built for publication: Differentiable functions defined in closed sets. A problem of Whitney
Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q1401471)
