Equiangular tight frames from complex Seidel matrices containing cube roots of unity

From MaRDI portal



Abstract: We derive easily verifiable conditions which characterize when complex Seidel matrices containing cube roots of unity have exactly two eigenvalues. The existence of such matrices is equivalent to the existence of equiangular tight frames for which the inner product between any two frame vectors is always a common multiple of the cube roots of unity. We also exhibit a relationship between these equiangular tight frames, complex Seidel matrices, and highly regular, directed graphs. We construct examples of such frames with arbitrarily many vectors.


A set \(\{f_i\}_{1\leq i\leq n}\) in the complex Hilbert space \(\mathbb{C}^k\) is a uniform \((n,k)\)-frame if for all \(x\in \mathbb{C}^k\) \[ \| x\|^2= \sum^n_{i=1} |\langle x,f_i\rangle|^2, \] and for all \(i\), \(\| f_i\|= a\neq 0\). The class of these is denoted by \({\mathcal F}(n,k)\) while \({\mathcal F}_{\text{eq}}(n,k)\) stands for its subclass formed by equivangular frames, i.e., satisfying for some constant \[ |\langle f_i, f_j\rangle|= \text{const}\text{ for all }i\neq j. \] Using the analysis operator \(V: x\mapsto (\langle x,f_i\rangle)_{1\leq i\leq n}\) one can associate to \(\{f_i\}_{1\leq i\leq n}\) the Grammian \(V^*V\). This is a one-to-one correspondence between \({\mathcal F}(k,n)\) and the class of J\(n\times n\) Grammians factorized by unitary equivalence. If \(G\) is such a Grammian, then \[ G= {k\over n} Jd_n+ c_{n,k} Q, \] where \(Q\) is a Seidel matrix, i.e. a self-adjoint matrix such that \(Q_{ii}= 0\) and \(|Q_{ij}|= 1\) for \(i\neq j\). The starting point for the authors study is the following: a frame \(\{f_i\}_{1\leq i\leq n}\) from \({\mathcal F}(k,n)\) is equiangular if and only if the associated Seidel matrix has exactly two eigenvalues.




Cited in
(40)








This page was built for publication: Equiangular tight frames from complex Seidel matrices containing cube roots of unity

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q958032)