Evolution algebra of a bisexual population

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Abstract: We introduce an (evolution) algebra identifying the coefficients of inheritance of a bisexual population as the structure constants of the algebra. The basic properties of the algebra are studied. We prove that this algebra is commutative (and hence flexible), not associative and not necessarily power associative. We show that the evolution algebra of the bisexual population is not a baric algebra, but a dibaric algebra and hence its square is baric. Moreover, we show that the algebra is a Banach algebra. The set of all derivations of the evolution algebra is described. We find necessary conditions for a state of the population to be a fixed point or a zero point of the evolution operator which corresponds to the evolution algebra. We also establish upper estimate of the limit points set for trajectories of the evolution operator. Using the necessary conditions we give a detailed analysis of a special case of the evolution algebra (bisexual population of which has a preference on type "1" of females and males). For such a special case we describe the full set of idempotent elements and the full set of absolute nilpotent elements.


The authors introduce an algebra using the coefficients of inherintance of a bisexual population as structure constants. Several properties of this algebra are studied. It is proved, for instance, that it is a dibaric algebra and a Banach algebra. Furthermore, the set of all derivations of the algebra is described and, for a special case the authors describe the sets of idempotent and nilpotent elements.




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