Exact ground state of several N-body problems with an N-body potential

DOI10.1063/1.532720MaRDI QIDQ4701880zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 21 November 1999

Published in Journal of Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9712133

Calogero-type \(N\)-body Hamiltonian exact eigenstates excited states

Applications of operator theory in the physical sciences (47N50) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10) (S)-matrix theory, etc. in quantum theory (81U20)

Abstract: I consider several N-body problems for which exact (bosonic) ground state and a class of excited states are known in case the N-bodies are also interacting via harmonic oscillator potential. I show that for all these problems the exact (bosonic) ground state and a class of excited states can also be obtained in case they interact via an N-body potential of the form

- e^{2} / s q r t s u m r_{i}^{2}

(or

- e^{2} / s q r t s u m_{i < j} (r_{i} - r_{j})^{2}

). Based on these and previously known examples, I conjecture that whenever an N-body problem is solvable in case the N-bodies are interacting via an oscillator potential, the same problem is also solvable in case they are interacting via the N-body potential. Based on several examples, I also conjecture that in either case one can always add an N-body potential of the form

and the problem is still solvable except that the degeneracy in the bound state spectrum is now much reduced.

Review text

Let us consider the Calogero-type \(N\)-body Hamiltonian \(H\) in \(D\)-dimensions having some solved eigenstates: \[ H= -(\hslash^2/(2m)) \Biggl\{\sum_{i=1}^N \nabla_i{}^2- g\sum_{i<j} (r_{ij}^2)^{-1}- G \sum_{i\neq k,j\neq k} r_{ki}\cdot r_{kj}/ (r_{ki}^2 r_{kj}^2) \Biggr\}+ m\omega^2 \sum_{i=1}^N r_i{}^2, \] where \(G^{1/2}= [\{(D-2)^2+ 4g\}^{1/2}- (D-2)]/2\equiv \Lambda_D\), and \(r_{ij}= r_i- r_j\). Let \(\rho^2\equiv \sum_{i=1}^N r_i{}^2\), \(V_1= -e^2/\rho\), and \(V_2= -\delta^2/ \rho^2\). The author here treats the Hamiltonian with the oscillator potential being replaced by \(V_1\) or \(V_1+ V_2\), given from \(H\). He obtains the exact (bosonic) ground state and a class of the excited states by using the ansatz \(\psi= (\prod_{i<j} |r_i- r_j|^{\Lambda_p}) \phi(\rho)\). He also treats the Hamiltonians with \(N\geq 2\), \(D=2\) having the term \(V_1= -1/\rho\) and the terms expressed by \(r_i= (x_i, y_i)\) and \(X_{ij}= x_i y_j- x_j y_i\), and obtains the exact eigenstates with the factor \(\prod_{i<j} |X_{ij}|^g\) for \(N> 2\). Finally he gives the exact eigenstates for the Hamiltonian with \(N>2\), \(D\geq 2\) having the term \(V_1= -1/\rho\) and the terms expressed by \(|r_i|\) and \(|r_i |^\beta-|r_j|^\beta\).

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