Exact statistical properties of the zeros of complex random polynomials
Let \(a_j(\omega)\) and \(b_j(\omega)\), \(\omega\in \Omega\), \(j= 0,1,\dots, N\), be sequences of independent, normally distributed random variables defined on a probability space \((\Omega,{\mathcal A},\text{Pr})\) with means zero and variances \(\sigma^2_j\). Denote \(p(z,\omega)\equiv p(z)= \sum^N_{j= 0} \alpha_j(\omega) z^j\) where \(\alpha_j(\omega)\equiv \alpha_j= a_j(\omega)+ ib_j(\omega)\). The present paper gives an interesting and comprehensive study of the different cases that the complex roots of \(p(z)\) give rise to in physical applications. In particular, the authors give references of the previous works for the special cases of \(\sigma_j= (1/2)^{-1/2}\), \(\sigma_j= (j!)^{-1/2}\) and \(\sigma_j= \left(\begin{smallmatrix} N\\ j\end{smallmatrix}\right)^{1/2}\). For the two later choices of \(\sigma_j\) the paper investigates detailed analysis and gives some further applications. This is an interesting paper for those who are interested in the physical phenomena of random polynomials as well as those purely interested in the mathematical properties of random polynomials and the distributions of their complex roots. However, since the pioneering work of \textit{L. A. Shepp} and \textit{R. J. Vanderbei} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 347, No. 11, 4365-4384 (1995; Zbl 0841.30006)], \textit{I. Ibragimov} and \textit{O. Zeitouni} [ibid. 349, No. 6, 2427-2441 (1997; Zbl 0872.30002)] used an idea of \textit{R. J. Adler} [``The geometry of random fields (1981; Zbl 0478.60059)] and developed a method of finding the distribution of the complex roots of random polynomials. Their method and derivations, especially for the Gaussian case, which is mainly considered by the paper under review, significantly simplifies the analysis. Earlier works on this and related fields constitute the greater part of a book by this reviewer [``Topics on random polynomials (Lodon, 1998)].
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