Examples related to Ulam's fixed point problem

DOI10.12775/TMNA.1993.013MaRDI QIDQ1310502zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Włodzimierz Kuperberg, Piotr Minc, Coke S. Reed, Krystyna Kuperberg

Publication date 6 January 1994

Published in Topological Methods in Nonlinear Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.12775/TMNA.1993.013

zbMATH Keywords

continuum dynamical system

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Dynamics induced by flows and semiflows (37C10) Fixed-point and coincidence theorems (topological aspects) (54H25)

Review text

The paper deals with several examples related to the following problem posed by \textit{S. Ulam}: given a continuum (connected compact metric space) \(M\), does there exist a constant \(\varepsilon > 0\) such that any \(\varepsilon\)-map \(f: M\to M\) (i.e. continuous map whose trajectories \(\{f^ n(x)\}^ \infty_{n=0}\), \(x\in M\), are bounded by \(\varepsilon\)), possess a fixed point? An example of a one-dimensional continuum such that for any \(\varepsilon\) there is a fixed point free \(\varepsilon\)-involution is given. Then it is shown that the Cartesian product of the circle and the Hilbert cube for any \(\varepsilon > 0\) admits a fixed point free \(\varepsilon\)-homeomorphism. At last an example of the rest point free dynamical system with trajectories uniformly bounded by arbitrary \(\varepsilon > 0\) defined on a three-dimensional manifold is provided.

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