Existence of traveling wavefronts of delayed reaction diffusion systems without monotonicity

Consider the system of reaction-diffusion equations with time-delay \[ {\partial u(x,t)\over\partial t}- D{\partial^2u(x,t)\over\partial x^2}+ f(u_t(x))=0,\tag{\(*\)} \] where \(t\in\mathbb{R}^+\), \(x\in\mathbb{R}\), \(u\in\mathbb{R}^n\), \(D= \text{diag}(d_1,\dots, d_n)\) with \(d_i> 0\,\forall i\), \(f: C([-\tau, 0],\mathbb{R}^n)\to \mathbb{R}^n\) is continuous, \(f(0)= 0= f(k)\) and \(f(u)\neq 0\) for \(u\in (0,k)\). For any fixed \(x\in\mathbb{R}\), \(u_t(x)\in C([-\tau,0], \mathbb{R}^n)\) is defined by \(u_t(x)(\theta)= u(t+\theta, x)\) for \(\theta\in [-\tau,0]\). The authors look for solutions of \((*)\) of the form \(u(x,t)= \phi(x+ ct)\), where \(\phi\in C^2(\mathbb{R}, \mathbb{R}^n)\) and the constant \(c> 0\) is the speed of the traveling wave. This problem leads to the boundary value problem \[ D\phi(t)- c\phi'(t)+ f_c(\phi_t)= 0,\;\lim_{t\to-\infty} \phi(t)= 0,\quad\lim_{t\to +\infty} \phi(t)= k.\tag{\(**\)} \] The authors use the technique of lower and upper solutions to prove the existence of at least one solution of \((**)\).

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