Finite simple groups and localization

DOI10.1007/BF02785857MaRDI QIDQ1852720zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Yanyan Li, José L. Rodríguez, Jérôme Scherer, Jacques Thévenaz

Publication date 21 April 2003

Published in Israel Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0012217

zbMATH Keywords

alternating groupsexceptional groups of Lie typefinite simple groupsgroup homomorphismsinclusionslocalizationsrigid componentssporadic groups

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Simple groups: alternating groups and groups of Lie type (20D06) Simple groups: sporadic groups (20D08) Simple groups (20E32) Automorphisms of infinite groups (20E36)

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of localization, which comes from homotopy theory, in the context of finite simple groups. We give an easy criterion for a finite simple group to be a localization of some simple subgroup and we apply it in various cases. Iterating this process allows us to connect many simple groups by a sequence of localizations. We prove that all sporadic simple groups (except possibly the Monster) and several groups of Lie type are connected to alternating groups. The question remains open whether or not there are several connected components within the family of finite simple groups.

Review text

In this context a localization is a group homomorphism \(f\colon H\to G\) with the property that every homomorphism from \(H\) to \(G\) extends to a unique endomorphism of \(G\). This paper is devoted to studying the case when \(f\) is injective and \(H\) and \(G\) are simple. In this case we can assume \(f\) is an inclusion, and then \(f\) is a localization if and only if (i) \(f\) extends to an inclusion \(\Aut(H)\to\Aut(G)\), (ii) if \(H\cong K\subseteq G\) then \(H\) and \(K\) are conjugate in \(\Aut(G)\), and (iii) \(C_{\Aut(G)}(H)=1\). An equivalence relation is defined on the set of finite simple groups by taking the symmetric-transitive closure of the relation ``\(G\) is a localization of \(H\) -- we can then ask about the equivalence classes (here called rigid components). The main result of the paper is that all the alternating groups are in the same rigid component, which also contains all \(L_2(q)\) and \(U_3(q)\), all sporadic groups (the exclusion of the Monster can easily be remedied), and some others. In fact, a great deal is known about inclusions of finite simple groups in one another, and the methods of this paper can be extended to show that this rigid component contains all groups \(S_{2n}(q)\), \(O_{2n+1}(q)\) and \(U_n(q)\) in dimension at least 6, most even-dimensional orthogonal groups \(O^\pm_{2n}(q)\) (\(n>4\) and \(q>3\) suffices), as well as a number of families of exceptional groups of Lie type.

Recommendations

• Localization and finite simple groups.
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Cited in

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