First homology group of mapping class groups of nonorientable surfaces

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Let \(S\) be a closed connected nonorientable surface of genus \(g\). The mapping class group \({\mathcal M}_S^*\) is defined as the group of isotopy classes of self-homeomorphisms of \(S\) and \({\mathcal M}_S\) is defined as the subgroup of \({\mathcal M}_S^*\) generated by Dehn twists about two-sided circles. The author's main results are the following two theorems: Theorem 1.1. Let \(S\) be a closed connected nonorientable surface of genus \(g\). Then \(H_1(\mathcal M_S^*)\) is equal to (i) 0 if \(g=1\), (ii) \(\mathbf Z_2\oplus\mathbf Z_2\) if \(g=2,3,5,6\), (iii) \(\mathbf Z_2\oplus\mathbf Z_2\oplus\mathbf Z_2\) if \(g=4\), (iv) \(\mathbf Z_2\) if \(g\geq 7\). Theorem 1.2. Let \(S\) be a closed connected nonorientable surface of genus \(g\). Then \(H_1(\mathcal M_S)\) is equal to (i) \(\mathbf Z_2\) if \(g=2\), (ii) \(0\) if \(g=1\) or \(g\geq 7\). For \(g=3,4,5,6\) the problem of computation of \(H_1(\mathcal M_S)\) remains here open.




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