Gap forcing
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Abstract: Many of the most common reverse Easton iterations found in the large cardinal context, such as the Laver preparation, admit a gap at some small delta in the sense that they factor as P*Q, where P has size less than delta and Q is forced to be delta-strategically closed. In this paper, generalizing the Levy-Solovay theorem, I show that after such forcing, every embedding j:V[G]-->M[j(G)] in the extension which satisfies a mild closure condition is the lift of an embedding j:V-->M in the ground model. In particular, every ultrapower embedding in the extension lifts an embedding from the ground model and every measure in the extension which concentrates on a set in the ground model extends a measure in the ground model. It follows that gap forcing cannot create new weakly compact cardinals, measurable cardinals, strong cardinals, Woodin cardinals, strongly compact cardinals, supercompact cardinals, almost huge cardinals, huge cardinals, and so on.
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Cites work
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- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3247160 (Why is no real title available?)
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Cited in
(53)- Diamond, square, and level by level equivalence
- Strongly compact cardinals and the continuum function
- Non-stationary support iterations of Prikry forcings and restrictions of ultrapower embeddings to the ground model
- More on HOD-supercompactness
- Inaccessible cardinals, failures of GCH, and level-by-level equivalence
- A universal indestructibility theorem compatible with level by level equivalence
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- On the consistency strength of level by level inequivalence
- Certain very large cardinals are not created in small forcing extensions
- Perfect subtree property for weakly compact cardinals
- Strong combinatorial principles and level by level equivalence
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- Iterated forcing and elementary embeddings
- Indestructibility, measurability, and degrees of supercompactness
- Indestructibility and the level-by-level agreement between strong compactness and supercompactness
- Coding into HOD via normal measures with some applications
- Large cardinals with few measures
- Gap Forcing: Generalizing the Lévy-Solovay Theorem
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- Normal measures on a tall cardinal
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- Fragility and indestructibility. II
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- Tall, strong, and strongly compact cardinals
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