Generating functions for fixed points of the Mullineux map

Fix an algebraically closed field of characteristic \(p > 0\). For a partition \(\lambda\) of the integer \(n\), let \(D^{\lambda}\) be the corresponding irreducible module for the symmetric group \(S_n\) over the given field. The Mullineux map \(m_e\) is a permutation on the set of \(e\)-regular partitions of \(n\), which in the case \(e = p\) is known to coincide with the map \(P\) defined by \(D^{\lambda} \otimes \operatorname{sgn} \cong D^{P(\lambda)}\).\N\NThe main results of this paper give combinatorial descriptions and ordinary generating functions for \(mf_e(n)\), the number of \(e\)-regular partitions of \(n\) fixed by \(m_e\) and for \(mf_{e,w}(n)\), the number partitions of \(n\) with \(e\)-weight \(w\) fixed by \(m_e\). These generalise results from the previously known case \(e = p\) [\textit{G. E. Andrews} and \textit{J. B. Olsson}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 413, 198--212 (1991; Zbl 0704.20003); \textit{C. Bessenrodt} and \textit{J. B. Olsson}, J. Algebr. Comb. 7, No. 3, 227--251 (1998; Zbl 0906.05077)].\N\NAs the author notes, the pre-existing proofs still work for arbitrary odd \(e\), so the particular contribution here is in the case that \(e\) is even. Here, the proof is essentially direct, giving bijections between the sets of fixed points and partitions of a particular form: For \(mf_e(n)\), these are partitions into \(n\) distinct parts, each of which is either odd or an odd multiple of \(e\). For \(mf_{e,w}(n)\), the set is more complex to describe, but is still explicit.

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