Geometric progression-free sequences with small gaps

DOI10.1016/J.JNT.2014.12.018MaRDI QIDQ2257322zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Xiaoyu He

Publication date 24 February 2015

Published in Journal of Number Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1501.04121

zbMATH Keywords

gapsgeometric progression-free sequenceprobabilistic methodsums of divisor functions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Density, gaps, topology (11B05) Other combinatorial number theory (11B75) Distribution of integers with specified multiplicative constraints (11N25)

Abstract: Various authors, including McNew, Nathanson and O'Bryant, have recently studied the maximal asymptotic density of a geometric progression free sequence of positive integers. In this paper we prove the existence of geometric progression free sequences with small gaps, partially answering a question posed originally by Beiglb"ock et al. Using probabilistic methods we prove the existence of a sequence $T$ not containing any $6$-term geometric progressions such that for any $xgeq1$ and $varepsilon>0$ the interval $[x,x+C_{varepsilon}exp((C+varepsilon)logx/loglogx)]$ contains an element of $T$, where $C=frac56log2$ and $C_{varepsilon}>0$ is a constant depending on $varepsilon$. As an intermediate result we prove a bound on sums of functions of the form $f(n)=exp(-d_k(n))$ in very short intervals, where $d_k(n)$ is the number of positive $k$-th powers dividing $n$, using methods similar to those that Filaseta and Trifonov used to prove bounds on the gaps between $k$-th power free integers.

Review text

A \(k\)-term geometric progression in the integers (a \(k\)-GP for short) is a finite sequence \(a_1, a_2, \dots, a_k\) of positive integers such that \(a_{i+1} = ra_i\) for some \(r \in \mathbb Q\) and all \(i<k\). In the paper under review, the author studies sets of integers that contain no strictly increasing \(k\)-GP's. In particular, the main result of the paper gives a probabilistic proof of the existence of a 6-GP-free set of integers \(T_6\) such that \[ t_{n+1} - t_n \ll_{\varepsilon} \exp\left( \left( \frac 56\log 2 + \varepsilon \right) \frac {\log t_n}{\log\log t_n} \right), \] where \(t_1 < t_2 < \dots < t_n < \cdots\) are the elements of \(T_6\), listed in increasing order. The author then uses his method to establish the existence of a 5-GP-free set of integers \(T_5\) subject to the slightly weaker constraint that \(t_{n+1} - t_n \ll_{\varepsilon} t_n^{\varepsilon}\). Finally, he proves that if one considers only GP's with integer ratios, then one can find even 3-GP-free sets such that \(t_{n+1} - t_n \ll_{\varepsilon} t_n^{\varepsilon}\). The proofs use some technical estimates for short sums of divisor-like functions.

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Cited in

(3)

• Geometric progression-free sequences with small gaps. II.
• A generalization of the question of Sierpiński on geometric progressions
• Primitive and geometric-progression-free sets without large gaps

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