Ground state representations of topological groups

DOI10.1007/S00208-022-02531-4MaRDI QIDQ6144254zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Karl-Hermann Neeb, Francesco Russo

Publication date 29 January 2024

Published in Mathematische Annalen (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.00757

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Representations of Lie and linear algebraic groups over real fields: analytic methods (22E45) Analysis on and representations of infinite-dimensional Lie groups (22E66) Representations of groups, semigroups, etc. (aspects of abstract harmonic analysis) (43A65) Harmonic analysis on specific compact groups (43A75)

Abstract: Let $alpha:mathbbRoAut(G)$ define a continuous $mathbbR$-action on the topological group $G$. A unitary representation $p{i}^{f}lat$ of the extended group $G^{f}lat:=Gtime{s}_{a}lphamathbbR$ is called a ground state representation if the unitary one-parameter group $p{i}^{f}lat(e,t)=e^{itH}$ has a non-negative generator $Hgeq0$ and the subspace $kerH$ of ground states generates the Hilbert space under $G$. In this paper we introduce the class of strict ground state representations, where $p{i}^{f}lat$ and the representation of the subgroup $G^0:=Fix(alpha)$ on $kerH$ have the same commutant. The advantage of this concept is that it permits us to classify strict ground state representations in terms of the corresponding representations of $G^0$. This is particularly effective if the occurring representations of $G^0$ can be characterized intrinsically in terms of concrete positivity conditions. To find such conditions, it is natural to restrict to infinite dimensional Lie groups such as (1) Heisenberg groups (which exhibit examples of non-strict ground state representations); (2) Finite dimensional groups, where highest weight representations provide natural examples; (3) Compact groups, for which our approach provides a new perspective on the classification of unitary representations; (4) Direct limits of compact groups, as a class of examples for which strict ground state representations can be used to classify large classes of unitary representations.

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