Higher symplectic capacities
For \(a_1,\dots ,a_n\in (0,\infty]\), let \(E(a_1,\dots ,a_n) = \{(z_1,\dots ,z_n)\in \mathbb{C}^n \mid \sum_{k=1}^n \frac{\pi |z_k|^2}{a_k}\leq 1 \}\). It has a standard symplectic structure as a domain in \(\mathbb{C}^n\). Gromov's cerebrated non-squeezing theorem shows that there is no symplectic embedding \(E(a,\dots ,a) \hookrightarrow E(a',\infty,\dots ,\infty)\) unless \(a\leq a'\). After this theorem, a natural question is the following (Question 1.1): For which \(a_1,\dots ,a_n\) and \(a'_1,\dots ,a'_n\) is there a symplectic embedding \(E(a_1,\dots ,a_n)\hookrightarrow E(a'_1,\dots ,a'_n)\)? To deal with this problem (and more general symplectic embedding problems), the notion of symplectic capacities have been used. For example, the Ekeland-Hofer capacity and the ECH (embedded contact homology) capacity assign positive real numbers to symplectic manifolds, and their monotonicity property can be used to obstruct symplectic embeddings.\N\NMore recently, the ``stabilized ellipsoid embedding problem is focused (Question 1.4): For which \(a,b,c,d\) is there a symplectic embedding \(E(a,b,\infty,\dots ,\infty)\hookrightarrow E(c,d,\infty,\dots ,\infty)\)? By several works, including [\textit{D. Cristofaro-Gardiner} and \textit{R. Hind}, Comment. Math. Helv. 93, No. 1, 1--32 (2018; Zbl 1398.53083)], there have been progress on this problem by using rigid pseudo-holomorphic curves in \(E(c,c)\setminus E(1,b)\), but this method is not always applicable due to the fact that a rigid curve might have a negative index after a stabilization taking the product of the ellipsoids and \(\mathbb{C}^{n-2}\).\N\NThis paper under review introduces a new family of capacities \(\mathfrak{g}_b\) for \(b\in \overline{S}\mathbb{K}\langle \mathfrak{t}_1, \mathfrak{t}_2,\dots \rangle\) (the reduced symmetric tensor algebra with formal variables \(\mathfrak{t}_1, \mathfrak{t}_2,\dots\)). For any Liouville domain \(X\), a positive real number \(\mathfrak{g}_b(X)\) is assigned. Each \(\mathfrak{g}_b\) satisfies the scaling and monotonicity properties, as well as other capacities, and moreover it is invariant under stabilization, that is, \(\mathfrak{g}_b(X\times \mathbb{C})=\mathfrak{g}_{b}(X)\) if \(X\) satisfies the index positivity assumption. The precise statement and a quantitative refinement of the stability property is provided in Theorem 1.8. As specializations of \(\{\mathfrak{g}_b\}\), symplectic capacities \(\mathfrak{g}_1 ,\mathfrak{g}_2,\dots\) are defined, and Theorem 1.10 gives constraints on its values \(\mathfrak{g}_k(X)\) under certain conditions on \(X\). More precisely, one condition is about the Gromov-Witten invariant of a closed symplectic manifold \(M\) admitting a symplectic embedding \(X\hookrightarrow M\) and the other is about the Reeb dynamics on \(\partial X\).\N\NThe construction of \(\{\mathfrak{g}_b\}\) is based on the rational symplectic field theory using the contact homology algebra \(\mathrm{CHA(\partial X)}\) of \(\partial X\) and its linearization \(\mathrm{CH}_{\mathrm{lin}}(X)\) together with a filtered \(\mathcal{L}_{\infty}\) structure. It is crucial to include higher operations in the \(\mathcal{L}_{\infty}\) sturcture. It should be remarked that, as mentioned in Disclaimer 1.9, the rational symplectic field theory requires virtual perturbation techniques and its full construction is not yet established, so this paper takes its existence and expected properties outlined in e.g. [\textit{Y. Eliashberg} et al., GAFA 2000, 560--673 (2000; Zbl 0989.81114)] as a black box.\N\NIn addition, Theorem 1.14 gives computations of \(\mathfrak{g}_k\) for a ball, a ellipsoid and a polydisk in \(\mathbb{C}^2\). As applications, one can get constraints on the existence of stabilized symplectic embeddings, where the ECH capacities are not applicable, and some of which (Example 1.15 and 1.17) are sharper than the constraints from the Ekeland-Hofer capacities.\N\NThe paper is organized as follows. Section 2 gives a review of filtered \(\mathcal{L}_{\infty}\) algebras. In Section 3, the rational symplectic field theory is constructed by counting (in a suitable virtual sense) pseudo-holomorphic curves in exact symplectic cobordisms. In general, the complement of a symplectic embeddings is a nonexact symplectic cobordism. In order to treat such cobordisms, we consider in Section 4 a deformation by the Cieliebak-Latschev element, which is a Maurer-Cartan element. Then, we can obtain a transfer map between the linearized complexes with \(\mathcal{L}_{\infty}\) structures for the boundary contact manifolds. In Section 5, \(\mathcal{L}_{\infty}\) augmentations on the contact homology algebras are defined by counting pseudo-holomorphic curves satisfying local tangency constraints at finitely many points. In particular, Section 5.4 gives relations between the linearized complexes for \(X\) and \(X\times B^2(S)\), where \(B^2(S)\subset \mathbb{C}\) is a ball of radius \(S>0\). Section 6 gives the construction of \(\mathfrak{g}_b(X)\) using the augmentations of Section 5, and then proves the fundamental properties in Theorem 1.8 and Theorem 1.10. The computations as in Theorem 1.14 is provided in the last Section 6.3.
- \(S^1\)-equivariant symplectic homology and linearized contact homology
- A biased view of symplectic cohomology
- A remark on the stabilized symplectic embedding problem for ellipsoids
- A topological view of Gromov-Witten theory
- Absolute and relative Gromov-Witten invariants of very ample hypersurfaces
- An algebraic approach to virtual fundamental cycles on moduli spaces of pseudo-holomorphic curves
- An exact sequence for contact- and symplectic homology
- An open string analogue of Viterbo functoriality
- Beyond ECH capacities
- Compactness results in symplectic field theory
- Computing Higher Symplectic Capacities I
- Counting curves with local tangency constraints
- Cyclic homology, \(S^1\)-equivariant Floer cohomology and Calabi-Yau structures
- Dense existence of periodic Reeb orbits and ECH spectral invariants
- Effect of Legendrian surgery
- Embedding problems in symplectic geometry
- From one Reeb orbit to two
- Gravitational descendants in symplectic field theory
- Gromov-Witten invariants of blow-ups
- Gromov-Witten theory, Hurwitz theory, and completed cycles
- Higher symplectic capacities and the stabilized embedding problem for integral ellipsoids
- Hofer's question on intermediate symplectic capacities
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1643843 (Why is no real title available?)
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5016101 (Why is no real title available?)
- Intersection theory of punctured pseudoholomorphic curves
- Intersection theory on moduli of disks, open KdV and Virasoro
- Lecture notes on embedded contact homology
- Lie theory for nilpotent \(L_{\infty}\)-algebras
- Maurer-Cartan spaces of filtered \(L_{\infty}\)-algebras
- Moduli problems for ring spectra
- New obstructions to symplectic embeddings
- Polyfold and Fredholm Theory
- Pseudo holomorphic curves in symplectic manifolds
- Pseudoholomorphic curves in symplectizations with applications to the Weinstein conjecture in dimension three
- Punctured holomorphic curves and Lagrangian embeddings
- Quantitative embedded contact homology
- Some optimal embeddings of symplectic ellipsoids
- Symplectic and contact differential graded algebras
- Symplectic capacities from positive \(S^1\)-equivariant symplectic homology
- Symplectic capacities, unperturbed curves, and convex toric domains
- Symplectic cohomology and Viterbo's theorem
- Symplectic embedding problems, old and new
- Symplectic embeddings from concave toric domains into convex ones
- Symplectic embeddings of four-dimensional ellipsoids into integral polydiscs
- Symplectic embeddings of polydisks
- Symplectic embeddings of products
- Symplectic field theory and its applications
- Symplectic hypersurfaces and transversality in Gromov-Witten theory
- Symplectic topology and Hamiltonian dynamics
- Symplectic topology and Hamiltonian dynamics. II
- The asymptotics of ECH capacities
- The dynamics on three-dimensional strictly convex energy surfaces
- The embedding capacity of 4-dimensional symplectic ellipsoids
- The ghost stairs stabilize to sharp symplectic embedding obstructions
- The Hofer conjecture on embedding symplectic ellipsoids
- The quantum cohomology of blow-ups of \(\mathbb{P}^2\) and enumerative geometry
- Weak and strong fillability of higher dimensional contact manifolds
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