Holistic logical arguments in quantum computation

DOI10.1515/MS-2015-0138MaRDI QIDQ2822864zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Maria Luisa Dalla Chiara, Roberto Leporini, Roberto Giuntini, Giuseppe Sergioli

Publication date 5 October 2016

Published in Mathematica Slovaca (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.07516

zbMATH Keywords

holistic semanticsquantum logics

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum logic (03G12) Logical foundations of quantum mechanics; quantum logic (quantum-theoretic aspects) (81P10) Quantum computation (81P68)

Abstract: Quantum computational logics represent a logical abstraction from the circuit-theory in quantum computation. In these logics formulas are supposed to denote pieces of quantum information (qubits, quregisters or mixtures of quregisters), while logical connectives correspond to (quantum logical) gates that transform quantum information in a reversible way. The characteristic holistic features of the quantum theoretic formalism (which play an essential role in entanglement-phenomena) can be used in order to develop a holistic version of the quantum computational semantics. In contrast with the compositional character of most standard semantic approaches, meanings of formulas are here dealt with as global abstract objects that determine the contextual meanings of the formulas' components (from the whole to the parts). We present a survey of the most significant logical arguments that are valid or that are possibly violated in the framework of this semantics. Some logical features that may appear prima facie strange seem to reflect pretty well informal arguments that are currently used in our rational activity.

Review text

Quantum computation and information provides a means for developing a nonclassical logic. Just as a classical computer can be employed to determine whether classical propositions are true or false, a quantum computer can do the same for quantum propositions. The resulting logic is called a quantum computational logic (QCL). In QCL the propositions are represented by unit vectors or density operators in a Hilbert space while the logical connectives are represented by unitary operators on the same space. Some of these operators such as negation, conjunction and disjunction act like their classical counterparts, while others such as the Hadamard and Toffoli gates and the square root of not correspond to genuine quantum operations. Fundamental quantum concepts such as superposition and entanglement are used as semantic resources for a formal analysis in which ambiguity, holism and contextuality play a role. The paper presents a survey of the most significant logical arguments that are valid or that are possibly violated according to a holistic version of QCL.

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