Homologically finite-dimensional objects in triangulated categories
The main subject of the paper is the study of homologically finite-dimensional objects. The corresponding notion is introduced by the authors as follows. For a small dg-enhanced triangulated category \(\mathcal{T}\), consider the derived category of right dg-modules over it. It contains a full subcategory of objects which evaluate to \textit{perfect} complexes at all \(X\in \mathcal{T}\), which is called the subcategory of homologically finite-dimensional right dg-modules. Denote it by \(D_{fd}(\mathcal{T})\). Since the restriction functor sends finite-dimensional modules to finite-dimensional ones, we get (an appropriate version of) a contravariant functor associating \(D_{fd}(\mathcal{T})\) with \(\mathcal{T}\).\N\NFor a given \(\mathcal{T}\), one can ask if the composed functor \(\mathcal{T}\to D_{fd}(D_{fd}(\mathcal{T}))\) is an equivalence. The authors call such \(\mathcal{T}\) \textit{reflexive} (by analogy with taking the dual of a sheaf). The authors show that reflexive categories enjoy some nice properties. One such property is that there is a bijection between the left (right) admissible subcategories in \(\mathcal{T}\) and the right (respectively, left) admissible subcategories in \(D_{fd}(\mathcal{T})\). Two other notions introduced by the authors are that of hfd-closedness and being Gorenstein. The first one simply says that every right (respectively, left) homologically finite-dimensional module is representable (respectively, corepresentable). A Gorenstein category is an hfd-closed category for which the left and the right homologically finite-dimensional modules agree (recall that we assume that they are all representable, so they can be treated as objects in \(\mathcal{T}\)). Some properties of hfd-closed and Gorenstein categories are studied as well.\N\NAll the notions being interesting on their own, the paper ends with some genuine applications. First, for any projective scheme over a perfect field, both its perfect and bounded derived categories are reflexive as shown by the authors. Moreover, the bounded derived category is equivalent to the category of homologically finite-dimensional right dg-modules over the perfect one. Thus, we get the indecomposability of one implies the indecomposability of the other. A few more indecomposability results can be found in \S 6.1. For instance, it is shown that the notion of a Gorenstein category is compatible with that of being Gorenstein in algebraic geometry. In \S 6.2 the authors obtain similar results for proper connective dg-algebras over a field.
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