Interface development for the nonlinear degenerate multidimensional reaction-diffusion equations

DOI10.1007/S00030-019-0606-2MaRDI QIDQ2291750zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 31 January 2020

Published in NoDEA. Nonlinear Differential Equations and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.11799

asymptotic behavior of solution Cauchy problem free boundary second-order quasilinear degenerate parabolic equation

Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Second-order parabolic equations (35K10) Initial value problems for second-order parabolic equations (35K15) Quasilinear parabolic equations (35K59) Degenerate parabolic equations (35K65) Free boundary problems for PDEs (35R35)

Abstract: This paper presents a full classification of the short-time behavior of the interfaces in the Cauchy problem for the nonlinear second order degenerate parabolic PDE [ u_t-Delta u^m +b u^�eta=0, xin mathbb{R}^N, 0<t<T ] with nonnegative initial function

u_{0}

such that [ supp~u_0 = {|x|<R}, u_0 sim C(R-|x|)^alpha, quad{as} |x| o R-0, ] where

. Interface surface

t = e t a (x)

may shrink, expand or remain stationary depending on the relative strength of the diffusion and reaction terms near the boundary of support, expressed in terms of the parameters

and

C

. In all cases we prove explicit formula for the interface asymptotics, and local solution near the interface.

Review text

In an article there is considered the Cauchy problem \[u_t -\Delta u^m + b u^\beta = 0, \ x \in \mathbb{R}^N, \ 0 < t < T, \] \[ u(x,0) = u_0(x), \ x \in \mathbb{R}^N, \] where \(m > 1,\ b \in \mathbb{R}\), \ \(\beta > 0\), \(u_0(x)\) is radially symmetric, nonnegative function, it belongs to \(C(\mathbb{R}^N),\) \ supp\,\(u_0 = \overline{B}_R\), \ \(B_R := \{x \in \mathbb{R}^N, \, |x| < R\}\), and \[u_0(x) \sim C (R - |x|)^\alpha \ \mbox{as}\ |x| \to R-0, \ C >0, \ \alpha > 0.\] The boundary of the support of the solution \(u(x,t)\) is called interface (free boundary), it is unknown. It is assumed that the problem has the unique nonnegative continuous solution. The behavior of the interface and the solution \(u(x,t)\) near the interface for small time is studied. In dependence of the parameters \(m,\ \beta, \ C, \ \alpha\) and the sign of \(b\) there is shown, when the interface shrinks, expands or remains stationary. The asymptotic formulas of the solution \(u(x,t)\) as \(t \to 0\) and of an interface as \(|x| \to R+\) or \(R-\) are found.

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