Isotropy of Virtual Albert Forms over Function Fields of Quadrics
Let \(F\) be a field of characteristic \(\neq 2\) and let \(\psi\) be an anisotropic \(4\)-dimensional quadratic form over \(F\) of signed discriminant \(d=d_{\pm}\psi\neq 1\in F^*/F^{*2}\). In the present paper, the authors study the question of when an anisotropic form \(\phi\) over \(F\) becomes isotropic over \(F(\psi)\), the function field of the projective quadric associated with \(\psi\). They give a complete answer in the following two cases : 1) \(\dim\phi =8\), \(d_{\pm}\phi =1\) and the index of the Clifford algebra of \(\phi\) is \(8\); 2) \(\dim\phi =6\), \(d_{\pm}\phi =d_{\pm}\psi =d\) and \(\phi\) stays anisotropic over \(F(\sqrt{d})\), in which case such a form \(\phi\) is called a \textit{virtual Albert form}. In the first case, they show that \(\phi\) becomes isotropic over \(F(\psi)\) if and only if there exists an \(8\)-dimensional form \(\phi^*\) such that \(\psi\) is similar to a subform of \(\phi^*\) and \(\phi\perp\phi^*\) is similar to a \(4\)-fold Pfister form. In the second case, \(\phi\) will stay anisotropic over \(F(\psi)\). This follows from the first case by a specialization argument after passing to the power series field \(F( (t))\) and applying the first case to the form \(\phi\perp t\langle 1,-d\rangle\). A main ingredient in the proof is the determination of the kernel of the restriction map \(H^3F\to H^3K\) (Galois cohomology groups of fields with mod 2 coefficients), where \(K\) denotes the function field of an \(F\)-variety given by the product of a \(2\)-dimensional quadric and the Severi-Brauer variety of a \(3\)-quaternion division algebra. The isotropy of forms \(\phi\) as defined above over function fields of quadratic forms has been studied earlier by \textit{A. Laghribi} [\(K\)-Theory 12, 371-383 (1997; Zbl 0893.11016), Math. Nachr. 204, 125-135 (1999; Zbl 0927.11023)], and the present paper settles the remaining open cases.
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