Asymptotics for Christoffel functions of planar measures (Q1001394)

Let \(E\subset\mathbb{C}\) be a compact with an admissible weight function \(w \): \(w\) is a nonnegative, upper semicontinuous function on \(E\) with \(\{z\in E :w(z)>0\}\) nonpolar. A weighted polynomial on \(E\) is a function of the form \(w(z)^n p_n(z),\) where \(p_n\) is a holomorphic polynomial of degree at most \(n.\) Let \(\mu\) be a measure with support in \(E\) such that \((E,w,\mu)\) satisfies a Bernstein-Markov inequality for weighted polynomials: given \(\varepsilon>0, \) there exists a constant \(M=M(\varepsilon)\) such that for weighted polynomials \(w^np_n,\) \[ \|w^np_n\|_E \leq M (1+\varepsilon)^n \|w^np_n\|_{L^2(\mu)}. \] The authors introduce the quantity \(\delta ^w(E):\) \[ \inf_{\tau}\int_E\int_E \log \frac{1}{|z-t|w(z)w(t)}d\tau (t)d\tau (z)=-\log \delta ^w(E), \] where the infimum is taken over all probability measures \(\tau\) on \(E.\) Moreover, the infimum is attained by a unique measure \(\mu_{eq}^w.\) Denote by \[ VDM (\zeta_1,\zeta_2,\ldots,\zeta_n)=\det|\zeta_i^{j-1}|_{i,j=1,\ldots,n} =\prod_{j<k}(\zeta_k-\zeta_j) \] the classical Vandermonde determinant. The following theorem is proved. Theorem. (I) Let \[ Z_n=Z_n(E,w,\mu):=\int_{E^{n+1}}|VDM (\lambda_0,\ldots,\lambda_n)|^2 w(\lambda_0)^{2n}\cdots w(\lambda_n)^{2n}d\mu(\lambda _0)\cdots d\mu(\lambda _n). \] Then \[ \lim_{n \to \infty}Z_n^{1/n^2}= \delta ^w(E). \] (II) Let \[ R_1^{(n)}(z):=\int_{E^n}|VDM (\lambda_0,\ldots,\lambda_{n-1},z)|^2 w(\lambda_0)^{2n}\cdots w(\lambda_{n-1})^{2n}d\mu(\lambda _0)\cdots d\mu(\lambda _{n-1}). \] Define the probability measures \(d\mu_n(z)= \frac{1}{Z_n}R_1^{(n)}(z)w(z)^{2n}d\mu(z).\) Then \(d\mu_n(z)\to d\mu_{eq}^w \) weak-\(^{\ast}.\) Results of this work cover known results for subsets of the real line \(\mathbb{R}.\)