Arithmetic of a singular \(K3\) surface (Q1001939)

This paper is concerned with the arithmetic of a special singular \(K3\) surface. The \(K3\) surface in question is the \(K3\) surface with a section and singular fibers \(I_1.I_1,I_1,I_{12}\) and \(I_3^*\). It has a smooth model \(X\) defined over \(\mathbb{Q}\) that is given by a Weierstrass equation: \(y^2+s^2xy=x^3+2sx^2+s^2x\). Since \(X\) is a singular \(K3\) surface, its \(L\)-series is determined by a weight \(3\) newform \(f\) of level \(27\) and the zeta-function of \(X\) is given by \[ \zeta(X,s)=\zeta(s)\zeta(s-1)^{20}L(f,s)\zeta(s-2) \] where \(\zeta(s)\) is the Riemann zeta-function. Next arithmetic properties of the reductions of \(X\) modulo \(p\) are studied. The conjectures of Tate and that of Shioda are established for \(X/\mathbb{F}_p\) for \(p=2\) and \(3\). A model with good reduction at \(2\) is obtained. Finally, twists of newforms \(f\) of weight \(3\) with rational coefficients are shown to be in correspondence with twists of \(X\). Consider the cubic twists \(X^{(d)}\) of \(X\) defined by \(X^{(d)}: y^2+d^2s^2xy=x^3+2sx^2+s^2x\). It has bad reduction exactly at the prime divisors of \(3d\). Let \(f\) be the newform associated to \(X\), and let \(\psi_f\) be the Grössencharacter associated to \(f\). Theorem. \(X^{(d)}\) corresponds to the twist \(\phi_f\otimes (d/\cdot)_3\), that is, \(L(T_{X^{(d)}},s)=L(\psi_f\otimes (d/\cdot)_3,s)\). Consequently, up to the bad Euler factors, \[ \zeta(X^{(d)},s)=\zeta(s)\zeta(s-1)^{20}L(\psi_f\otimes(d/\cdot)_3,s)\zeta(s-2). \]