Probabilistic spherical Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund inequalities (Q1019162)

Let \(f(x):= \sum^N_{k=-N}\widehat f_k e^{ikx}\) be a trigonometric polynomial of degree \(N\), denote by \({\mathbf f}\) the vector \[ {\mathbf f}:= \Biggl(f\Biggl({2\pi j\over 2N+ 1}\Biggr)\Biggr)^{2N}_{j= 0}, \] define the weight \({\mathbf W}:= (w_j)^{2N}_{j=0}\) by \(w_j:= 2\pi/(2N+ 1)\), and put \[ \|{\mathbf f}\|^p_{{\mathbf W},p}:= \sum^{2N}_{j= 0} {2\pi\over 2N+ 1}\,\Biggl| f\Biggl({2\pi j\over 2N+ 1}\Biggr)\Biggr|^p,\quad\| f\|^p_p:= \int^{2\pi}_0 |f(\xi)|^p\,d\xi. \] The so-called Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund inequalities state that, under certain assumptions, \[ (1-\varepsilon)\| f\|_p\leq\|{\mathbf f}\|_{{\mathbf W},p}\leq (1+\varepsilon)\| f\|_p,\quad 0<\varepsilon< 1\quad\text{and}\quad 1\leq p<\infty. \] Recently, norm equivalences between spherical polynomials and their sample values at scattered sites have been proved. They involve a parameter that characterizes the density of the sampling set, and they are applicable to all polynomials whose degree does not exceed an upper bound that is determined by the density parameter. The present authors show that if one is satisfied by norm equivalences that hold with prescribed probability only, then the upper bound for the degree of the admissible polynomials can be enlarged significantly, and even there exist fixed sampling sets which work for polynomials of all degrees.