Extremal values of smallest eigenvalues of Hill's operators with potentials in \(L^1\) balls (Q1019664)

Denote by \(\lambda _{0}(q)\) the smallest eigenvalue of the 1-periodic Hill's equation \[ y''(t)+( \lambda +q(t) )y(t)=0\text{ on }[0,1]. \] Let \(B_{p}[r]\) be the ball of radius \(r\) in \(L^{p}(0,1)\) and denote by \(\mathbf{L}_{p}( r) =\inf_{q\in B_{p}[r]}\lambda _{0}(q).\) The author shows, by using variational methods, that \(\mathbf{L}_{1}( r) =Z_{0}^{-1}(r)\), where \(Z_{0}(x)=2\sqrt{-x}\tanh ( \sqrt{-x}/2).\)