On certain estimates for Marcinkiewicz integrals and extrapolation (Q1027128)

Let \(\mathbb R^n\), \(n\geq2\), be the \(n\)-dimensional Euclidean space and \(S^{n-1}\) be the unit sphere in \(\mathbb R^n\) with area element \(d\sigma(x')\) on \(S^{n-1}\). Let \(\Omega(x)|x|^{-n}\) be a homogeneous function of degree \(-n\) on \(\mathbb R^n\), with \(\Omega\in L^1(S^{n-1})\) and \(\int_{S^{n-1}}\Omega(x')\,d\sigma(x')=0\), where \(x'=x/|x|\) for any \(x\neq0\). Let \(P(y)=\bigl(P_1(y),\ldots,P_m(y)\bigr)\) be an \(m\)-tuple of real-valued polynomials on \(\mathbb R^n\), Let \(\Delta_\gamma(\mathbb R_+)\) denote the collection of all measurable functions \(h:[0,\infty)\to \mathbb C\) satisfying \(\sup_{j\in\mathbb Z}\bigl(\int_{2^j}^{2^{j+1}}|h(t)|^\gamma dt/t\bigr)^{1/\gamma} <\infty\). The authors consider the following Marcinkiewicz integral \(\mathcal M_{P,\Omega,\rho,h}(f)(x)\) given by \[ \mathcal M_{P,\Omega,\rho,h}(f)(x)= \biggl(\int_{0}^{\infty}\biggl|\frac{1}{t^\rho}\int_{|y|<t} \frac{h(|y|)\Omega(y')f(x-P(y))}{|y|^{n-\rho}}\,dy \biggr|^2\frac{dt}{t}\biggr)^{1/2}, \] where \(\rho\in\mathbb C\) with \(\text{Re}\rho>0\). The authors show the following: Let \(h\in\Delta_\gamma(\mathbb R_+)\) for some \(1<\gamma\leq \infty\). Assume that \(\Omega\in L^q(S^{n-1})\) for some \(1<q\leq2\). Then \[ \|\mathcal M_{P,\Omega,\rho,h}(f)\|_{L^p(\mathbb R^m)} \leq{C_p}{(q-1)^{-1/2}((\gamma-1)^{-1/2}+\gamma^{1/2})}\|\Omega\|_{L^q(S^{n-1})} \|h\|_{\Delta_\gamma}\|f\|_{L^p(\mathbb R^m}) \] for \(|1/p-1/2|<\min\{1/2,\,1/\gamma'\}\), where \(C_p\) is independent of \(q,\,\gamma,\,\Omega, \,h\) if one fixes \(\roman{deg}(P_j)\). If moreover \(P\) satisfies \(P(-y)=-P(y)\), then \[ \|\mathcal M_{P,\Omega,\rho,h}(f)\|_{L^p(\mathbb R^m)} \leq{C_p}{(q-1)^{-1/2}(\gamma-1)^{-1/2}}\|\Omega\|_{L^q(S^{n-1})} \|h\|_{\Delta_\gamma}\|f\|_{L^p(\mathbb R^m}) \] for \(2\leq p<\infty\), and \[ \|\mathcal M_{P,\Omega,\rho,h}(f)\|_{L^p(\mathbb R^m)} \leq{C_p}{(q-1)^{-1}(\gamma-1)^{-1}}\|\Omega\|_{L^q(S^{n-1})} \|h\|_{\Delta_\gamma}\|f\|_{L^p(\mathbb R^m}) \] for \(1< p<2\). Using these estimates and extrapolation method, they give \(L^p\) boundedness in the extreme cases \(\Omega\in L(\log L)^{1/2}(S^{n-1})\), \(\Omega\in L(\log L)(S^{n-1})\), and block spaces \(B_q^{0,-1/2}(S^{n-1})\), and \(h\) belongs to more wide spaces \(\mathcal L_\gamma(\mathbb R_+)\) defined by the collection of all measurable functions \(h:[0,\infty)\to \mathbb C\) satisfying \(\sup_{j\in\mathbb Z}\int_{2^j}^{2^{j+1}}|h(t)|\log^\gamma(2+|h(t)|) dt/t <\infty\) (they treat more general space \(\mathcal N_1\)). (They introduce a special class \(F(n,m)\) which includes \(m\)-tuples of real-valued polynomials on \(\mathbb R^n\) satisfying \(P(-y)=-P(y)\). These extreme cases improve known results. Their work is motivated by a recent work by \textit{S. Sato} [Stud. Math. 192, No. 3, 219-233 (2009; Zbl 1170.42006)].