A selection of open problems (Q1032909)

This paper collects various open problems in conjunction with the Conference on Ramsey Theory and Topological Algebra in honor of Prof. Neil Hindman. The 12 proposers of these problems are Vitaly Bergelson, Andreas Blass, W.W. Comfort, Alexander Fish, Neil Hindman, Bruce Landman, Imre Leader, Amir Maleki, Igor Protasov, Dona Strauss and Yevhen Zelenyuk. Here is a typical open question: If we use \(k\) colors to color all positive integers, whether there always exist positive integers \(x,y,z\) in the same color such that \(x^2+y^2=z^2\)? This is an interesting analogue of Schur's theorem in Ramsey theory.