Perturbation results on semi-Fredholm operators and applications (Q1035485)

Let \(M_X\) be the family of nonempty and bounded subsets of a Banach space \(X\). By \(\gamma:M_X\to[0,+\infty)\) denote the Kuratowski measure of noncompactness and, for a bounded operator \(T\) on \(X\), put \(\alpha(T)=\sup\{\gamma(T(A))/\gamma(A):A\in M_X,\;\gamma(A)>0\}\) and \(\beta(T)=\inf\{\gamma(T(A))/\gamma(A):A\in M_X,\;\gamma(A)>0\}\). Let \(\Phi_+(X)\) denote the set of all upper semi-Fredholm operators. Its subset of the upper semi-Browder operators is denoted by \({\mathcal B}_+(X)\). The paper studies the stability of \(\Phi_+(X)\) and \({\mathcal B}_+(X)\) under additive perturbations. Here are two typical results of the paper under review. If \(T\) and \(S\) are bounded operators on \(X\) and \(\alpha(T)<\beta(S)\), then \(T+S\in\Phi_+(X)\) and the index of \(T+S\) coincides with the index of \(S\). If, in addition, \(S\) and \(T\) commute, then \(\alpha(S)<\infty\) implies that, \(\alpha(T+S)<\infty\). The latter result implies that if \(S\) and \(T\) are commuting bounded operators on \(X\) such that \(\alpha(T^n)<\beta(T^n)\) for some positive integer \(n\), then \(S\in{\mathcal B}_+(X)\) implies \(T+S\in{\mathcal B}_+(X)\). As an application of these results, the authors describe the Wolf essential spectrum of the weighted shift operator on the space \(\ell^p({\mathbb N},{\mathbb C})\). Finally, they describe spectra of polynomially compact operators and use that result to study the solvability of operator equations.