Eigenvalue estimates for Schrödinger operators with complex potentials (Q1048133)

The authors consider non-selfadjoint Schrödinger operators \(H=-\Delta+V(x)\) in \(L^2({\mathbb R}^d)\) with complex-valued potential \(V\). The main results concern estimates of the sum of powers of the imaginary parts of eigenvalues \(\lambda_j\) of the operator \(H\). For a flavor of the results we state the following inequalities. For \(0 \leq \text{Re} V \in L^p({\mathbb R}^d)\), \(p>d/2\) if \(d\geq 2\) and \(p=1\) if \(d=1\) \[ \sum\limits_j \left({\text{Im} \lambda_j}\over |\lambda_j+1|^2+1 \right)^p \leq C \int\limits_{{\mathbb R}^d} (\text{Im} V)_+^p(x) dx, C=(2\pi)^{-d}\int\limits_{{\mathbb R}^d} {d\xi \over (|\xi|^2+1)^p}. \] If \(V\in L^\infty, \text{Re}V \geq 0, \text{Im} V\in L^p({\mathbb R}^d)\), \(p>d/4\) if \(d\geq 4\) and \(p\geq 1\) if \(d\leq 3\) \[ \sum\limits_j \left({\text{Im} \lambda_j}\over |\lambda_j+1|^2+1 \right)^p \leq C (1+\|V\|_\infty)^{2p} \int\limits_{{\mathbb R}^d} (\text{Im} V)_+^p(x) dx, C=(2\pi)^{-d}\int\limits_{{\mathbb R}^d} {d\xi \over ((|\xi|^2+1)^2+1)^p}. \] Assume that \(\gamma > 3/2, r\in (\gamma- 1/2,\gamma)\) and and \(V \in L^{d/2-1+2r}({\mathbb R}^d) \cap L^r({\mathbb R}^d), d\geq 2\) then \[ \sum\limits_{\lambda_j\in \{z: 0<\text{Re} z<b, \text{Im}z>0 \}} |\text{Im} \lambda_j|^\gamma \leq C|\Psi_b(W)|^{2\gamma-1 \over 2r-1} (b+|\Psi_b(W)|^{1\over 2r-1}), \] where \(\Psi_b(W) = \int\limits_{{\mathbb R}^d} W^{d/4-1/2+r} dx+b^{d/2-1}\int\limits_{{\mathbb R}^d} W^r dx, W=(|V|^2+4\text{Im}V)_+\). Bounds for single eigenvalues are also obtained. For example, if \(V\) be a function from \(L^p({{\mathbb R}^d})\), where \(p \geq d/2\), if \(d \geq 3\); \(p > 1\), if \(d = 2\), and \(p \geq 1\), if \(d = 1\), then every eigenvalue \(\lambda\) with the property \(\text{Re}\lambda >0\) satisfies the estimate \[ |\text{Im}\lambda|^{p-1}\leq |\lambda|^{d/2-1} C \int\limits_{{\mathbb R}^d}|V|^p dx. \]