Socle reductions and socle projective modules (Q1080500)

The paper is a further step in application, adaptation and development of the methods of vector space categories of Nazarova and Rojter for the purpose of description of the category mod R of finitely generated right modules over an artin ring R. A ring \(\hat A\) with several objects is called a right multipeak ring (resp. right peak ring) if it is of the form \(\left(\begin{matrix} A&_ A\bar A_ D\\ 0&D\end{matrix}\right)\), where A is a ring with several objects, D is a direct sum of division rings (resp. a division ring) and \({}_ A\bar A_ D\) is an A-D bimodule, which is flat as left A-module. The category \(mod_{sp}\hat A\) of socle projective modules over a right multipeak ring \(\hat A\) is the full subcategory of mod A formed by all \(X\in mod A\) such that soc(X) is projective and an essential submodule of X. In section 1 it is proved that for any generalized semiperfect vector space category \({\mathbb{K}}\) defined by a faithful functor \(| -|: {\mathbb{K}}\to mod F\), with F being a direct sum of division rings, there exists a contravariant functor \(H: {\mathcal U}({\mathbb{K}})\to^{| - |}mod_{sp}R_{{\mathbb{K}}}\), which furnishes a duality \({\mathcal U}({\mathbb{K}})/[\{O,k,o)\}]\cong mod_{sp}R_{{\mathbb{K}}})^{op}\), where \({\mathcal U}({\mathbb{K}})\) is a subspace category of \({\mathbb{K}}\), \(R_{{\mathbb{K}}}=\left( \begin{matrix} {\mathbb{K}}\\ 0\end{matrix}\begin{matrix} | - | \\ F\end{matrix} \right)\) is a right multipeak ring associated to \({\mathbb{K}}\) and [\(\{\) (O,k,o)\(\}\) ] is an ideal in \({\mathcal U}({\mathbb{K}})\) consisting of all morphisms factorizing through direct sums of objects of the form (O,k,o) with k indecomposable. Moreover, it is shown that using Galois covering techniques one can reduce the problem of study of \(mod_{sp}A\), where A is a right peak ring to the same one for a right multipeak ring \(\hat A.\) In section 2 a generalized version of socle reduction is considered. Let \({\mathcal S}=\{S_ 1,...,S_ n\}\) be a set of simple, pairwise nonisomorphic left ideals in a ring A. It is proved that the study of the essential part of the category mod A can be reduced to a certain full subcategory of \({\mathcal U}({\mathbb{E}})\), where \({\mathbb{E}}=Ext^ 1_ A(S,mod A/{\mathcal S}(_ AA))_ F\), S is the direct sum of all right simple A- modules corresponding to those in \({\mathcal S}\), \(F=End(S)\) and \({\mathcal S}(_ AA)\) is a twosided ideal in A, which is the sum of all simple left ideals in A isomorphic to those from \({\mathcal S}\). Using results of section 1 the last problem reduces to an analogous for \(mod_{sp}R_{{\mathbb{E}}}\). In the particular case if \(Ext^ 1_ A(S,S)=0\) it is proved a duality (mod A)/[mod(A/\({\mathcal S}(_ AA))]\cong (mod_{sp}R_{{\mathbb{E}}})^{op}.\) Section 3: using the above results the author reduces the study of \(mod_{sp}\hat A\) where \(\hat A\) is a right multipeak PI-ring, to the study of the category \(mod_{sp}R_*\) where \(R_*\) is again a right multipeak ring, which is a slight modification of \(R_{{\mathbb{E}}}\). In case if \(Ext^ 1_ A(S,S)=0\) it is proved the duality \((mod_{sp}\hat A)/mod_{sp}(\hat A/{\mathcal S}(_{\hat A}\hat A)=(mod_{sp}R_*)^{op}.\) The last section is devoted to the discussion of the behaviour of almost split sequences and irreducible maps in the context of reduction procedures.