De Morgan algebras are universal (Q1089017)

A concrete category K is called universal if the category of graphs and compatible mappings can be fully embedded into K. A bounded distributive lattice L with a unary operation \(\sim\) satisfying the identities \(\sim (a\wedge b)=\sim a\vee \sim b\), \(\sim (a\vee b)=\sim a\wedge \sim b\), \(\sim \sim a=a\) is called a de Morgan algebra. De Morgan algebras form a variety such that its lattice of subvarieties is a four-element chain [see \textit{J. A. Kalman}; Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 87, 485-491 (1958; Zbl 0228.06003)]. The authors show that the variety of de Morgan algebras is universal. Moreover, the constructed embedding maps finite graphs to finite de Morgan algebras.