The weight functions, generating functions and miscellaneous properties of the sequences of orthogonal polynomials of the second kind associated with the Jacobi and the Gegenbauer polynomials (Q1092295)

The main object of the paper is the calculation and study of the weight functions and orthogonality relations corresponding to sequences of polynomials of the second kind associated with the Jacobi and the Gegenbauer polynomials. Section 2 contains the underlying theory restricted to the citation of a few general formulas regarding the orthogonality of associated polynomials of the second kind. Section 3 which deals with the application to the case of Jacobi polynomials \(\{P_ n^{(\alpha,\beta)}(z)\}\) starts with the construction of the orthogonality relation and the weight function \(\rho\) of the associated polynomials for arbitrary \(\alpha\), \(\beta >-1\). The denominator of the fraction representing \(\rho\) comprises the principal value of an integral which is studied in detail in order to bring it in an explicit form most suited for practical use. Next, in a subsection, \(\rho\) is expressed solely in terms of elementary functions in a number of special cases involving subsets of (\(\alpha\),\(\beta)\)-pairs. In another subsection, the generating function for the associated polynomials is calculated and the analysis of the result comprises some related formulas. In the final subsection, the moments of the weight function \(\rho\) with respect to 0, -1, 1 are expressed in terms of the corresponding moments of the weight function of Jacobi polynomials, both in finite determinant form and by means of a recurrence relation. In Section 4 which concerns the application to the case of Gegenbauer polynomials \(\{C_ n^{(\nu)}(z)\}\), the advantages of a new definition of the associated polynomials of the second kind are expounded. The paper ends with two appendices in which certain types of sums are reduced to a one-term expression. (From the author's summary.) Reviewer's remark: the results are related to and complement essentially some recent longer works of the author, further a report of Lewanowicz (1985) on the subject.