Mixed Hodge structures and automorphic forms for Siegel modular varieties of degree two (Q1123921)

Given a torsion free arithmetic subgroup \(\Gamma \subset Sp_ 2({\mathbb{Q}})\) of the symplectic group of degree two we consider in this paper the associated Siegel modular variety \(\Gamma\) \(\setminus X\) (where X denotes the Siegel upper half space of degree two), its cohomology \(H^*(\Gamma \setminus X,{\mathbb{Q}})\) and their relation with the theory of automorphic forms. The main objective is to analyze the canonical mixed Hodge structure on the cohomology \(H^*(\Gamma \setminus X,{\mathbb{Q}})\) to determine the successive quotients of the weight filtration of \(H^*(\Gamma \setminus X,{\mathbb{Q}})\) and to relate these to various types of automorphic forms with respect to \(\Gamma\). We discuss how various nonvanishing results for the square integrable cohomology can be obtained and relate these to the mixed Hodge structure studied before. As one example, we construct non-cuspidal holomorphic 2-forms on \(\Gamma\) \(\setminus X\) by means of \(\theta\)-series associated to positive definite quadratic forms in two variables. Given a congruence subgroup \(\Gamma\) (p) of \(SP_ 2({\mathbb{Q}})\), p a prime number satisfying \(p\equiv 3 mod 4\), \(p\not\equiv 3\), we obtain by this construction e.g. a subspace W of \(H^{2,0}(\Gamma (p)\setminus X,{\mathbb{Q}})\) of dimension \(\dim W=h(- p)(1/2)(p^ 2+1)\) where \(h(-p)\) denotes the class number of the imaginary quadratic number field \({\mathbb{Q}}(\sqrt{-p}).\) In turn, using the constructive description of the Eisenstein cohomology the classes in W may be written as a linear combination of cohomology classes represented by residues of Eisenstein series associated to holomorphic cusp forms of weight 3 on faces of type \(e'(P_ 1)\) in \(\partial (\Gamma \setminus \bar X)\).