Convergence theorems for rows of Hermite-Padé integral approximants (Q1178575)

Let \(f(z)\) be analytic for \(| z|<\rho\), \(\rho>1\). One can always find \(m+1\) nontrivial polynomials \(P,Q,\dots,S,T\) of degrees \(p,q,\dots,s,t\) at most such that \[ P(z)f^{(m)}(z)+Q(z)f^{(m- 1)}(z)+\dots+S(z)f(z)+T(z)={\mathcal O}(z^{n+1}), \] where \(n+1=m+p+q+\dots+s+t\). The solution, or integral, \(y(z):=[t/s,\dots,q,p](z)\) of the differential equation \[ P(z)y^{(m)}+Q(z)y^{(m-1)}+\dots+S(z)z+T(z)=0 \] with appropriately chosen initial values at \(z=0\) approximates the function \(f\) near the origin. The solution \(y\) is called the Hermite-Padé integral approximant to \(f\) of degree \((t/s,\dots,q,p)\). An important and difficult problem is to understand the convergence behavior of \([t/s,\dots,q,p]\) if the degrees \(t,s,\dots,q,p\) tend to infinity in one or the other way. The authors investigate the convergence for sequences \([L/M,1]\), \(M\) fixed, \(L\to\infty\) for a function \(f\) of type \[ f(z)=A(z)(1-z)^{-\gamma}+B(z) \] and for sequences \([L/M,1,2]\), \(M\) fixed, \(L\to\infty\) for a function of type \[ f(z)=A(z)(1-z)^{- \gamma}+B(z)(1-z)^{-\beta}+C(z), \] where the functions \(A\), \(B\), \(C\) are assumed to be analytic in \(| z|<\rho\), \(\rho>1\). It is shown that the integral approximants converge uniformly on compact subsets of the unit disk. Further convergence is proved on additional Riemann sheets beyond the principle one in \(a\) lune near the singular point \(z=1\).