Surfaces of degree \(d\) with sectional genus \(g\) in \(\mathbb{P}^{d+1-g}\) and deformations of cones (Q1188207)

First some notations: \(S_ d\subset\mathbb{P}^{d+1-g}\) is a surface of degree \(d\) with a smooth hyperplane section \(X\) of genus \(g\). If \(X\) is a smooth projective curve embedded in \(\mathbb{P}^ N\) by a very ample line bundle \(M\), \((X,M)\) will denote (either the affine or) the projective cone over \(X\). The cone \((X,M)\) can be deformed either by keeping \(X\) and \(M\) fixed or by varying \(X\) or \(M\) (strictly negative and seminegative deformations, respectively). In this paper is given a complete classification of normal surfaces \(S_ d\) with \(d\geq 4g-4\). Precisely, if \(S_ d\) is a nondegenerate surface with isolated singularities and \(X\) has genus \(g\geq 2\) with \(d>4g+4\) then \(S_ d\) is a cone over \(X\). In the intermediate case \(4g-4\leq d\leq 4g+4\) all noncone normal surfaces of degree \(d\) are obtained together with the configurations of their singularities. -- Moreover deformations of cones over curves are studied. In this context examples are given of singularities which smooth seminegatively but not strictly negatively.