On Sobolev orthogonal polynomials with coherent pairs: The Laguerre case, type 1 (Q1269607)

An inner product of the form \[ \langle f,g\rangle= \int_a^bf(x)g(x)d\mu(x)+\lambda\int_a^bf'(x)g'(x)d\nu(x),\quad \lambda>0,\tag{ip} \] is called a Sobolev inner product. A set of polynomials \(\{P_n(x)\}_{n=0}^{\infty}\) with degree\([P_n(x)]=n\) orthogonal with respect to this inner product (ip) is called a family of Sobolev orthogonal polynomials. The pair of measures \(\{d\mu,d\nu\}\) is called a coherent pair if there exists nonzero constants \(D_n\) such that \[ Q_n(x)=\frac{P_{n+1}'(x)}{n+1}+D_n\frac{P_n'(x)}{n},\quad n\geq 1, \] where \(P_n(x)\) and \(Q_n(x)\) are the \(n\)th monic orthogonal polynomials with respect to \(d\mu\) and \(d\nu\), respectively. The concept of coherent pairs was introduced in [\textit{A. Iserles, P. E. Koch, S. P. Nørsett} and \textit{J. M. Sanz-Serna}, J. Approximation Theory 65, No. 2, 151-175 (1991; Zbl 0734.42016)] and turned out to be very important (see for instance [\textit{H. G. Meijer}, Nieuw Arch. Wiskd., IV. Ser. 14, No. 1, 93-112 (1996; Zbl 0862.33001)]). In [\textit{H. G. Meijer}, J. Approximation Theory 89, No. 3, 321-343 (1997; Zbl 0880.42012)] it is shown that coherent pairs of measures can be divided into two classes: the Jacobi case and the Laguerre case. In each class there are two different types. In the paper under review the author studies the Laguerre case, type 1, which means that \(d\mu=(x-c)x^{\alpha-1}e^{-x}dx\) and \(d\nu=x^{\alpha}e^{-x}dx\) with \(c\leq 0\) and \(\alpha>0\). For these Sobolev orthogonal polynomials the \(n\)th root asymptotics and the zero distribution are studied. In [\textit{K. Pan}, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 126, No. 8, 2377-2388 (1998; Zbl 0895.42009)] the Jacobi case, type 1 is considered.