Congruence identities and their local versions (Q1270650)

Let \(p(x_1,\dots,x_n)\) and \(q(x_1,\dots,x_n)\) be \(n\)-ary terms in the operations \(\lor\) (join), \(\land\) (meet) and \(\circ\) (relational product). An algebra \(A\) satisfies the congruence identity \(p=q\) if \(p(\theta_1, \dots,\theta_n)=q(\theta_1,\dots,\theta_n)\) for any \(\theta_1,\dots,\theta_n\) in Con\( A\). If the operation \(\circ\) does not occur in \(p\) and \(q\), the identity is called a lattice congruence identity. Suppose \(A\) has a nullary operation \(c\) and let \([c]_{\phi}\) denote the congruence class of \(c\) for any \(\phi\) in Con\( A\). We say that \(A\) satisfies the congruence identity \(p=q\) at \(c\) if \([c]_{p(\theta_1,\dots,\theta_n)}= [c]_{q(\theta_1,\dots,\theta_n)}\) for every \(\theta_1,\dots,\theta_n\) of Con\( A\). The first theorem shows that if \(A\) is weakly regular, and \(p=q\) is a lattice identity, then \(A\) satisfies \(p=q\) if and only if it satisfies \(p=q\) at \(c\). Examples are given to show that this result is false if either the condition on \(A\) or the condition on \(p=q\) is omitted. Other results involving conditions such as permutability, and 3-permutability, which are not lattice identities, are given.