Some necessary conditions for local solvability of linear partial differential operators (Q1313486)

This paper proves some necessary conditions for the local solvability of linear partial differential operators. Our first main result says that a partial differential operator \(L\) is unsolvable if it is quasi- homogeneous under some quasi-homogeneous structure on \(\mathbb{R}^n\), and if \(\text{Ker}^t L \cap S(\mathbb{R}^n)\) is nontrivial. Our second result is a generalization of the first one to inhomogeneous operators. These results not only generalize the unsolvability conclusions for homogeneous left invariant differential operators on nilpotent groups obtained by \textit{L. Corwin} and \textit{L. P. Rothschild} [Acta Math. 147, 265-288 (1981; Zbl 0486.22006)] to un-invariant operators, but also generalize their results to inhomogeneous left invariant operators on nilpotent groups. Furthermore, our results enable us to give simple proofs of the unsolvability of some classical operators (such as the Lewy operator and the Mizohata operators) because the proofs of our results are quite simple and these operators satisfy the above conditions.