Almost unconditional a priori estimates of the solutions of parabolic difference problems (Q1323929)

The paper is divided into two parts. In the first one the author considers abstract difference schemes in the scale of spaces \(L_{ph}\), \(1\leq p\leq \infty\) (the mesh analogues of Lebesgue spaces). These schemes are too complicated to write them out here. In the simplest case they have the form \(y(t_{k+1})= [1-\alpha(\tau\lambda)]y(t_ k)\), \(k= 0,1,\dots, T/\tau-1\), \(y(t_ 0)= y_{0h}\), where \(\tau\) is the step of time, \(\lambda\) is a scalar and \(\alpha\) is some rational function called the symbol of the generator of the scheme. Under some conditions on the operator defining a scheme (so called ``almost commutativity'', ``almost coerciveness'', semipositiveness and others) the author obtains a unique representation of the considered schemes in a canonical form and a priori estimates for the solutions of them. In the second part of the paper the abstract considerations are applied to the two-dimensional heat equation \(\partial u/\partial t= \sum_{|\alpha|\leq 2} a_ \alpha D^ \alpha u\) on a rectangle, where \(\alpha= (\alpha_ 1,\alpha_ 2)\), \(\alpha_ 1\), \(\alpha_ 2\) are integers, \(\alpha_ 1\alpha_ 2\neq 1\), \(|\alpha|= \alpha_ 1+ \alpha_ 2\), \(D^ \alpha= \partial ^{|\alpha|})/\partial x^{\alpha_ 1}_ 1\partial x^{\alpha_ 2}_ 2\), \(u= u(t,x_ 1,x_ 2)\) and \(a_ \alpha\) are functions of \(t\), \(x_ 1\), \(x_ 2\). Difference schemes are considered on non-uniform meshes with steps \(\tau\), \(h_ 1\), \(h_ 2\), respectively. If \(\tau^ \theta\ln [1+ (h_ 1+ h_ 2)^{-1}]\leq \text{const}\) (\(\theta\) is some positive constant) and if some weak conditions on the functions \(a_ \alpha\) are supposed, then the author gives a priori estimates for the solutions of such schemes.