Function spaces not containing \(\ell_1\) (Q1424028)

The authors define and study the Banach space \(JF_X (\Omega)\) where \(X\) is a reflexive Banach space with a 1-symmetric basis and \(\Omega\) is a bounded open set in \(\mathbb R^{d_0}\). The norm is given as follows. Let \(P(\Omega)\) consist of all open parallelepipeds \(T= \prod_{d=1}^{d_0} (\alpha_d,\beta_d) \subseteq \Omega\). If \(f\in L_1(\Omega)\), set \[ \| f\| _{JF_X(\Omega)} = \sup \bigg\{ \Big\| \sum_{j=1}^m \Big(\int_{T_j} \!\!f\,d\mu\Big) e_j\Big\| _X : (T_j)_{j=1}^m {\text{ are pairwise disjoint elements of }}P(\Omega)\bigg\}, \] where \(\mu\) is the Lebesgue measure on \(\mathbb R^d\). Then \(JF_X(\Omega)\) is the completion of \(L_1(\Omega)\) under this norm. This space generalizes the James function space of \textit{J. Lindenstrauss} and \textit{C. Stegall} [Stud. Math. 54, 81-105 (1975; Zbl 0324.46017)] which corresponds to \(\Omega = (0,1)\) and \(X=\ell_2\). The authors obtain many structural results about this class of Banach spaces, including the following. (1) \(JF_X(\Omega)\) is a separable Banach space with nonseparable dual which does not contain an isomorph of \(\ell_1\). (2) \(JF_X (0,1)\) is isomorphic to a complemented subspace of each \(JF_X(\Omega)\) and if \(d_0>1\), \(JF_X(\Omega)\) does not embed into \(JF_X(0,1)\). (3) The Haar system is a basis for \(JF_X(0,1)\) and \(X\) is isomorphic to a complemented subspace of \(JF_X(0,1)\). (4) If \(d_0>1\), then for all separable spaces \(Y\subseteq JF_X(\Omega)^*\), \(JF_X(\Omega)^*/Y\) is not reflexive. However, \(JF\) has a quotient isometric to \(\ell_2(\mathbb R)\). There are numerous other results in this very fine paper.