A non-existence theorem of lacunas for hyperbolic differential operators with constant coefficients (Q1428375)

If \(E_k\) denotes the fundamental solution of the power \(P(D)^k,\) \(k\in\mathbb N,\) of the hyperbolic linear differential operator \(P(D)\) with constant coefficients, then \(P(D)E_k=E_{k-1},\) \(k\geq 2,\) and hence a strong lacuna of \(E_k\) is also one of \(E_{k-1}.\) On the other hand, if \(b(-k)\neq0,\) \(b\) being the Bernstein-Sato polynomial of \(P,\) then \(E_k\) can be represented by \(E_{k-1}\) applying differentiations and multiplication by polynomials, and thus the strong lacunas of \(E_k,E_{k-1},\) respectively, coincide. Combining this observation with the theory of M. F Atiyah, R. Bott and L. Gårding implies that strong lacunas are absent if \(b\) does not vanish at \(-2,-3,\dots.\) This occurs in particular if \(P\) is irreducible and \(\{z\in\mathbb C^n; P(z)=0\}\) is non-singular, since then \(b(s)=s+1.\) These are the main results of the article.