Classes of singular integral operators along variable lines (Q1589360)

The authors study the operators \[ {\mathcal H}f(x)= \chi_{(t_0,\infty)}(x_1) \int^\infty_{-\infty} f(x_1- s, x_2- s \alpha(x_1)) s^{- 1} ds, \] \[ {\mathcal M}f(x)= \chi_{(t_0, \infty)}(x_1) \sup_{h> 0} h^{-1} \int^h_0|f(x_1- s,x_2- s \alpha(x_1))|ds, \] where \(\alpha: (t_0,\infty)\to [0,\infty)\) is a \(C^1\) function satisfying \(\lim_{t\to t_0} \alpha'(t)= 0\) and \(\alpha'\) is increasing in \((t_0,\infty)\). Let \(I(\tau)= \{t> t_0: \tau/2\leq \alpha'(t)\leq 2\tau\}\), and \(|I(\tau)|\) be the length of \(I(\tau)\) They prove that if \[ \sup_{\tau> 0} \tau^{-1} \int^\tau_0|I(\sigma)|/|I(\tau)|d\sigma< \infty \] and \[ 0< \inf_{\tau> 0} |I(2\tau)|/|I(\tau)|\leq \sup_{\tau> 0} |I(2\tau)|/|I(\tau)|< \infty, \] then the operators \({\mathcal H}\) and \({\mathcal M}\) are bounded on \(L^p(\mathbb{R}^2)\), \(1< p< \infty\). The \(L^p\) estimates are proved by interpolating \(L^2\) bounds with suitable bounds in Hardy spaces on product domains, while the \(L^2\) bounds are derived by almost-orthogonality arguments. The authors also obtain an estimate for the Hilbert transform along the radial vector field.