Leray-Schauder alternatives for approximable maps in topological vector spaces (Q1609474)

For a multivalued mapping \(T:X\to Y\), where \(X\) and \(Y\) are topological spaces, \(T\) is said to be closed if it has a closed graph and compact if its range \(T(X)\) is contained in a compact subset of \(Y\). Let \(T:X\to Y\) be a multivalued mapping where \(X\) and \(Y\) are subsets of topological vector spaces \(D\) and \(F\), respectively. Given two open neighborhoods \(U\) and \(V\) of the origins in \(E\) and \(F\), respectively, a continuous function \(s:X\to Y\) is a \((U,V)\)-approximative continuous selection of \(T\) if \(s(x)\in (T[(x+U)\cap X]+ V)\cap Y\) for each \(x\in X\). \(T\) is said to be approachable [\textit{H. Ben-El-Mechaiekh} and \textit{A. Idzik}, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 122, 105-109 (1994; Zbl 0814.47063)] if it has a \((U,V)\)-approximative continuous selection for any open neighborhoods \(U\) and \(V\) of the origin in \(E\) and \(F\), respectively. \(T\) is said to be approximable if its restriction \(T/K\) to any compact \(K\) of \(X\) is approachable. \(A(X,Y)\) denotes the class of approximable multivalued mappings \(T:X\to Y\). A nonempty set \(X\) of a topological vector space \(E\) is said to be admissible [\textit{V. Klee}, Math. Ann. 141, 286-296 (1960; Zbl 0096.08001)], provided that for every compact set \(K\) of \(X\) and every neighborhood \(V\) of the origin \(0\) in \(E\) there exists a continuous function \(h:K \to X\) such that \(x-h(x)\in V\) for all \(x\in K\) and \(h(K)\) is contained in a finite-dimensional subspace \(L\) of \(E\). If \(X=E\), then the topological vector space \(E\) is said to be admissible. Applying the fixed point property of admissible convex sets in a topological vector space, the authors prove a Leray-Schauder alternative for compact approximable multivalued mappings in topological Hausdorff vector spaces. The main result of this paper is the following Theorem: Let \(X\) be a closed convex admissible subset of a topological Hausdorff vector space \(E\), \(u\in K\), and \(K\subset X\) a closed neighborhood of \(u\) in \(X\). Let \(T:K\to X\) be a compact closed multivalued mapping such that \(T\in A(K,Cl(T(K))\). Then the following Leray-Schauder alternative holds: (1) \(T\) has a fixed point; or (2) there exists a point \(x\in\partial_XK\) and a number \(k>1\)such that \(kx+(1-k)u\in T(x)\). This result includes many know results of [\textit{S. Hahn} and \textit{K. F. Pötter}, Stud. Math. 50, 1-16 (1974; Zbl 0269.47028); \textit{S. Hahn}, Math. Nachr. 73, 269-283 (1976; Zbl 0335.47042); \textit{S. Park}, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 124, 3109-3114 (1996; Zbl 0860.47042)]. After that, using the notions of \(c\)-measure of non-compactness introduced in [\textit{S. Hahn}, Zb. Rad., Priv.-Mat. Fak., Univ. Novom Sadu, Ser. Mat. 15, 97-106 (1985; Zbl 0609.47068)] and ultimately compact multivalued mappings in topological vector spaces [\textit{S. Hahn}, Comment. Math. Univ. Carol. 27, 189-204 (1986; Zbl 0601.47048)], two new Leray-Schauder alternative type theorems for pseudocondensing approximable multivalued mappings and for quasicompact or ultimately compact multivalued mappings, respectively, are proved.