Approximation by polynomials in Sobolev spaces with Jacobi weight (Q1634828)

In the present paper approximation of functions from Sobolev spaces \(W_p^s(w_{\alpha, \beta})\) (with respect to the Sobolev norm) by polynomials are investigated, where \(w_{\alpha, \beta}\) is the Jacobi weight function defined by \[ w_{\alpha, \beta}=(1-x)^{\alpha}(1+x)^{\beta}, \quad x\in (-1,1) ,\quad \alpha, \beta >-1. \] Namely, the following new and interesting theorem is established: if a function \(f\) is from \(W_p^s(w_{\alpha, \beta})\), \(1\leq p \leq \infty\), then for each positive integer \(n\), there exists a polynomial \(p_n\), of degree at most \(2n\), such that \[ \|f-p_n\|_{W_p^s(w_{\alpha, \beta})} \leq C E_n(f^{(s)})_{L^p(w_{\alpha, \beta})}, \] where \(E_n(g)\) is the best approximation of a function \(g\) by polynomials of degree at most \(n\) in the weighted \(L^p(w_{\alpha, \beta})\) norm. In the case when either \(\alpha=0\) or \(\beta=0\) stronger and sharp estimates are obtained. More precisely, in the present paper it is proved that then there exists a polynomial \(p_n\), of degree at most \(2n\), such that the following approximations hold for each \(k=1,2,\dots, s\) \[ \|f^{(k)}-p_n^{(k)}\|_{L^p(w_{\alpha, \beta})} \leq C n^{-s+k}E_n(f^{(s)})_{L^p(w_{\alpha, \beta})},\quad 1\leq p \leq \infty. \]