The functional characterizations of the Rothberger and Menger properties (Q1637177)

Let \(X\) be a Tychonoff space and \(C_p(X)\) be the space of all continuous real-valued functions defined on \(X\) with the topology of pointwise convergence. A space \(X\) is said to be Rothberger if for every sequence \(\{ \mathcal{U}_n : n \in\mathbb{N}\}\) of open covers of \(X\), there is a sequence \(\{ V_n : n \in\mathbb{N}\}\) such that \(V_n \in \mathcal{U}_n\) for each \(n\), and \(\{ V_n : n \in\mathbb{N}\}\) is an open cover of \(X\). A space \(X\) has the Menger property if for every sequence \(\{ \mathcal{U}_n : n\in\mathbb{N}\}\) of open covers of \(X\), there are finite subfamilies \(\mathcal{V}_n \subset\mathcal{U}_n\) such that \(\bigcup_{n\in\mathbb{N}}\mathcal{V}_n\) is a cover of \(X\). The author characterizes the Rothberger and Menger properties of the space \(X\) via the following selection principles, where \(\mathcal{A}\) and \(\mathcal{B}\) are families of subsets of \(C_p(X)\): \(S_1(\mathcal{A},\mathcal{B})\) -- for each sequence \(\{ A_n : n \in \mathbb{N}\}\) of elements of \(\mathcal{A}\) there is a sequence \(\{ b_n : n \in\mathbb{N}\}\in\mathcal{B}\) with \(b_n\in A_n\) for each \(n\in\mathbb{N}\). \(S_{\mathrm{fin}}(\mathcal{A},\mathcal{B})\) -- for each sequence \(\{ A_n : n \in \mathbb{N}\}\) of elements of \(\mathcal{A}\) there is a sequence \(\{ B_n: n\in\mathbb{N}\}\) of finite sets such that \(B_n\subset A_n\) for each \(n\in\mathbb{N}\) and \(\bigcup_{n\in\mathbb{N}}B_n\in\mathcal{B}\). Let \(\mathcal{A}\) be the family of all \(1\)-dense sets in \(C_p(X)\), i.e. such \(A\subset C_p(X)\) that for each \(x \in X\) and an open set \(W\subset\mathbb{R}\) there is \(f \in A\) with \(f(x)\in W\). Then the main results of the paper can be formulated as follows. {\parindent=6mm \begin{itemize}\item[(1)] A space \(X\) has the Rothberger property iff the space \(C_p(X)\) satisfies the condition \(S_1(\mathcal{A},\mathcal{A})\). \item[(2)] \(X\) has the Menger property iff the space \(C_p(X)\) satisfies the condition \(S_{fin}(\mathcal{A},\mathcal{A})\). \end{itemize}}