Energy estimates for the Cauchy problem of Klein-Gordon-type equations with non-effective and very fast oscillating time-dependent potential (Q1647874)

The authors consider the Cauchy problem for the Klein-Gordon equation \[ u_{tt} - \Delta u + M(t)u = 0,\quad (t, x) \in (0,+\infty)\times\mathbb R^n, \] where \(M(t)\) is given by the formula \[ M(t)=\frac{\mu^2}{(1+t)^2}+\delta(t),\, 0<\mu<\frac{1}{2} \] with real numbers \(\beta<1\) and \(\gamma>1\) such that \[ |\delta(t)|\leqslant C((1+t)^{-2\beta}),\qquad \left|\int\limits_{t}^{+\infty} \delta(s)\,ds\right|\leqslant C(1+t)^{-\gamma} \] for some constant \(C>0\). The main result is the following theorem. Theorem. Let \(\delta\in C[0,+\infty)\). If \[ 2\beta\geqslant -\gamma+3\quad\text{as}\quad \gamma\neq 2\quad\text{and} \quad 2\beta>1 \quad\text{as}\quad \gamma=2, \] then \(| E(u;p)(t)|\leqslant C E(u;p)(0)\), where \[ E(u;p)(t):=\frac{1}{2}\left( \|\nabla u(t,\cdot)\|_{L_2}^2+\|u_t(t,\cdot)\|_{L_2}^2 + p(t)\|u(t,\cdot)\|_{L_2}^2 \right), \] \[ p(t):= \begin{cases} &(1+t)^{-1}\qquad\text{as}\quad \mu>\frac{1}{2}, \\ &(1+t)^{-1}(\log(e+t))^{-2}\qquad\text{as}\quad \mu=\frac{1}{2}, \\ &(1+t)^{-1-\sqrt{1-4\mu^2}}\qquad\text{as}\quad \mu<\frac{1}{2}.\end{cases} \]