Counter-examples to non-noetherian Elkik's approximation theorem (Q1651504)

Let \(A\) be a commutative associative unitary ring, \(I\) a proper ideal of \(A\) and \(\widehat{A}\) the \(I\)-adic completion of \(A\). The pair (\(A,\;I\)) has the Artin approximation property if, for each polynomial system \(f=(f_1,\dots,f_m)\) in \(A[X_1,\dots,X_N]\), each positive integer \(c\) and each solution \(\hat{\alpha}=(\hat{\alpha}_1,\dots,\hat{\alpha}_N)\in \widehat{A}^N\) of \(f=0\) (i.e., \(f_1=0,\dots,f_m=0\)), there exist \(\alpha=(\alpha_1,\dots,\alpha_N)\in A^N\) such that \(\alpha_i\equiv\hat{\alpha}_i\) mod \(I^c\widehat{A}\) (\(i=1,\dots,N\)). The Elkik approximation theorem gives sufficient conditions, denoted (*), for a pair (\(A,\;I\)) to have the Artin approximation property. In particular, if \(A\) is Noetherian and Henselian, the pair (\(A,\;I\)) satisfies (*). In this paper the authors shows that (*) cannot be replaced by some weaker conditions. For this, they give several examples of pairs (\(A,\;I\)) which do not have the Artin approximation property. In these examples, the rings \(A\) are Henselian but not Noetherian, and the ideals \(I\) are not weakly proregular. When (\(A,\;I\)) has the property (*), it is proven that \(I\) is weakly proregular.