Constructing minimal homeomorphisms on point-like spaces and a dynamical presentation of the Jiang-Su algebra (Q1668313)

The Jiang-Su algebra $\mathcal{Z}$ (which was first introduced by \textit{X.-H. Jiang} and \textit{H.-B. Su} [Am. J. Math. 121, No. 2, 359--413 (1999; Zbl 0923.46069)]) is the unique simple infinite-dimensional $C^*$-algebra which is an inductive limit of finite direct sums of dimension drop algebras with its Elliott invariant being the same as that of the complex field $\mathbb{C}$. It plays an important role in the study of the Elliott conjecture. \par In parallel with measure dynamical presentations of the hyperfinite $\mathrm{II}_1$-factor, the authors show that $\mathcal{Z}$ is isomorphic to the $C^*$-algebra of a minimal étale equivalence relation. \par More precisely, suppose that $\varphi$ is a minimal diffeomorphism on the $d$-dimensional sphere $S^d$ with $d \geq 3$ being an odd integer. Through a limiting process, the authors construct an infinite-dimensional connected compact metric space $Z_\varphi$ with its covering dimension being dominated by $d$, whose cohomology and $K$-theory are the same as that of a point, a minimal homeomorphism $\xi_\varphi$ in $Z_\varphi$, as well as a continuous surjection $q:Z_\varphi\to S^d$, respecting $\varphi$ and $\xi_\varphi$ such that $q$ induces an affine bijection between the set of $\xi_\varphi$-invariant Borel probability measures on $Z_\varphi$ and that of $\varphi$-invariant Borel probability measures on $S^d$. The orbit eqivalence relation of $\xi_\varphi$ is denoted by $\mathcal{E}_{\xi_\varphi}$, and it admits a natural topology that turns it into an étale groupoid. Fix a point $z\in Z_\varphi$. The authors define the orbit-breaking equivalence relation $\mathcal{E}_z$, which is an open subset of $\mathcal{E}_{\xi_\varphi}$ (hence it is also étale) and is a minimal equivalence relation. \par If $\varphi$ is a uniquely ergodic miminal diffeomorphism (whose existence was established in [\textit{A. Fathi} and \textit{M. R. Herman}, Astérisque 49, 37--59 (1978; Zbl 0374.58010)]), the authors show that the groupoid $C^*$-algebra $C^*(\mathcal{E}_z)$ admits the same Elliott invariant as $\mathcal{Z}$, and that $C^*(\mathcal{E}_z)\otimes \mathcal{Z} \cong C^*(\mathcal{E}_z)$. They then employ the classification results in [\textit{H.-X. Lin} and \textit{Z. Niu}, Adv. Math. 219, No. 5, 1729--1769 (2008; Zbl 1162.46033); J. Funct. Anal. 260, No. 1, 1--29 (2011; Zbl 1213.46057)] to show that $C^*(\mathcal{E}_z)\cong \mathcal{Z}$. \par Furthermore, in the case when $\varphi$ is not necessarily uniquely ergodic, the authors give a classification result for algebras of the form $C(Z_\varphi)\rtimes \mathbb{Z}$ (and another one for algebras of the form $C^*(\mathcal{E}_z)$), in terms of their tracial state spaces.