Dominated Pesin theory: convex sum of hyperbolic measures (Q1670348)

In the uniformly hyperbolic setting, it is well known that the set of all measures supported on periodic orbits is dense in the convex space of all invariant measures. In this paper, the converse question is considered in the nonuniform hyperbolic setting for \(C^1\)-diffeomorphisms. It has been shown in Theorem 3.11 in [\textit{F. Abdenur} et al., Isr. J. Math. 183, 1--60 (2011; Zbl 1246.37040)] that the nonuniform hyperbolicity plus the uniform domination implies Pesin stable manifold theorem for \(C^1\)-diffeomorphisms. The results of present paper are based on the above claim. Let \(f\) be a \(C^1\)-diffeomorphism of a Riemannian manifold \(M\), and let \(\Lambda \subset M\) be a compact invariant set of \(f\) with a dominated splitting \(E \oplus F\) with \(s\)-index \(\dim E\), and let \(\mu\) be a hyperbolic invariant (not necessarily ergodic) Borel probability measure supported in \(\Lambda\) with \(s\)-index \(\dim E\). Denote by \(\tilde{\Lambda}\) the maximal invariant set in a neighborhood of \(\Lambda\) such that the dominated splitting \(E \oplus F\) extends to \(\tilde{\Lambda}\). In this setting, it is proved (Theorem 1) that if \(\mu\), \(\nu \in \mathcal{M}_f(\Lambda)\) are hyperbolic ergodic measures with \(s\)-index \(\dim E\) such that \(\nu\) has the same intersection class as \(\mu\), that is, \(H(\nu) = H(\mu)\), then any convex combination \(\alpha \mu + (1- \alpha) \nu\) \((\alpha \in [0, 1])\) is the weak \(\ast\)-limit of measures associated to periodic orbits in \(\tilde{\Lambda}\) belonging to this class. The main result of this paper (Theorem 2) is the converse to the above assertion. Under the above setting, let \(\mu = \int \nu d\boldsymbol{\lambda} (\nu)\) be the ergodic decomposition of \(\mu\). Then \(\mu\) is accumulated by ergodic measures \(\nu_n \in \mathcal{M}_f(\tilde{\Lambda})\) if and only if \(\boldsymbol{\lambda}\)-almost all ergodic measures \(\nu\) are hyperbolic with index \(\dim E\) and have the same intersection class \(H = H(\nu)\). Moreover, in this case \(H = H(\mu)\).