Hardy-Steklov operators and duality principle in weighted Sobolev spaces of the first order (Q1673698)

The paper is aimed to present a boundedness criteria for the Hardy-Steklov operator in Lebesgue spaces and its applications. The authors define the Hardy-Steklov operator from \(L^p(c,d)\) to \(L^q(a,b)\) as \[ \mathcal Hf(x):=w(x)\int_{\phi(x)}^{\psi(x)}f(y)v(y)\,dy,\;\;\;x\in I:=(a,b), \] \[ -\infty\leq c\leq\phi(x)\leq\psi(x)\leq d\leq\infty,\;\phi(a)=\psi(a)=c,\;\phi(b)=\psi(b)=d, \] \(\phi,\psi\) are differentiable and strictly increasing, and weight functions \(v\) and \(w\) are nonnegative and locally summable. First, the authors introduce several numerical characteristics of boundary functions \(\phi\) and \(\psi\) and relate their finiteness to the boundedness of \(\mathcal H\). Second, these results are used to establish the duality principle in the first-order weighted Sobolev space \(W^1_{p,s}(I)\) and its subspaces. This duality principle consists in proving two-side estimates for \(J_X(g)\) and \(\mathbf J_X(g)\) in terms of functionals independent of \(f\in X\), where \[ J_X(g):=\sup\left|\int_Ifg\right|/\|f\|_{W^1_{p,s}(I)},\;\;\;\mathbf J_X(g):=\sup\left(\int_I|fg|\right)/\|f\|_{W^1_{p,s}(I)}, \] and the supremum is taken over all \(f\in X\) with positive norm.