Simply connected 3-manifolds with a dense set of ends of specified genus (Q1674178)

Suppose \(M\) is an open \(3\)-manifold. Choose any exhaustion of \(M\), i.e., a collection of properly nested compact submanifolds \(C_1 \subset C_2 \subset \ldots\) of \(M\). Form an inverse sequence of components of \(M \setminus C_i\) using the natural inclusions. The obtained inverse limit is called a set of ends of \(M\) and does not depend on the exhaustion. To each end \(e\) one may assign a genus, which somehow represents the genus of the boundary components inducing \(e\). In this paper the authors prove a type of a realization theorem for ends: for each sequence \((n_i)\) of genera in \(\mathbb N\cup \{\infty\}\) they construct an open simply-connected \(3\)-manifold \(M\) with uncountably many ends. Furthermore, in the set of ends equipped with the appropriate topology, there exists a countable dense set of ends \((e_i)\) of genera \((n_i)\) respectively, while all other ends are of genus at most \(2\). The manifold \(M\) is constructed as the complement of an appropriate Cantor set \(C\) in \(S^3\). The technical condition of the genus of an end is handled using the local genus of \(C\) at a point.